基于DEA-Malmquist的民族地区文化与旅游产业融合效率研究

Research on the Integration Efficiency of Culture and Tourism Industries in Ethnic Regions Based on the DEA-Malmquist Model

摘要: 文化与旅游产业深度融合是推动民族地区产业结构优化和区域协调发展的重要路径。本文以八个省级行政区为研究对象，构建文旅产业融合效率投入产出指标体系，运用DEA-BCC模型测度综合技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率，并采用Malmquist指数分析全要素生产率及其变化特征，同时结合效率均值与波动程度划分区域类型。研究发现，地区文旅产业融合效率总体呈波动上升趋势，但区域差异较为明显；技术进步是推动全要素生产率提升的重要动力，而规模效率不足仍是制约部分地区效率提升的重要因素；不同地区在效率水平及其变化路径方面表现出明显异质性。基于此，应针对不同地区的效率短板，分类推进产业规模优化、技术创新、管理能力提升和区域协同，以促进民族地区文化与旅游产业融合发展。

Abstract: The deep integration of culture and tourism industries is an important pathway for optimizing industrial structure and promoting coordinated regional development in ethnic regions. Taking eight ethnic provinces as research objects, this study constructs an input-output indicator system for evaluating the integration efficiency of the culture and tourism industries. The DEA-BCC model is employed to measure overall technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency, while the Malmquist index is used to examine total factor productivity and its dynamic changes. Regional types are further classified according to the mean efficiency and degree of fluctuation. The results show that the integration efficiency of the culture and tourism industries in ethnic regions generally exhibits a fluctuating upward trend, although substantial regional differences remain. Technological progress is an important driver of total factor productivity growth, whereas insufficient scale efficiency remains a major constraint on efficiency improvement in some regions. Moreover, significant heterogeneity exists in both efficiency levels and development trajectories across regions. Accordingly, differentiated measures should be adopted to address regional efficiency constraints by optimizing industrial scale, promoting technological innovation, improving management capabilities, and strengthening regional collaboration, thereby facilitating the integrated development of culture and tourism industries in ethnic regions.