返乡青年参与乡村振兴的困境与路径重塑

The Challenges Faced by Returning Youth in Participating in Rural Revitalization and the Establishment of a Support System

摘要: 返乡青年是推动乡村全面振兴的重要新生力量，在城乡要素双向流动中发挥着桥梁纽带作用。然而，返乡青年在扎根乡村、实现可持续创业过程中面临着多重现实困境。文章基于全国性调研数据与多地实践案例，采用“研究综述–问题分析–对策建议”的研究框架：首先，回顾学界关于返乡青年创业的研究进展；其次，从资金获取困难、政策衔接不畅、能力支撑不足、公共服务短板、社会融入障碍五个维度系统剖析返乡青年面临的核心问题；最后，从政策集成、融资保障、能力提升、服务保障、社会融入五个层面提出系统性的支持体系构建路径，以期为优化返乡青年发展环境、激活乡村振兴人才动能提供参考。

Abstract: Returning youth constitute a vital new force driving comprehensive rural revitalization, serving as a bridge in the two-way flow of urban-rural resources. However, they encounter multiple practical challenges when establishing roots in rural areas and pursuing sustainable entrepreneurship. Drawing on nationwide survey data and regional case studies, this paper adopts a research framework comprising “literature review - problem analysis - policy recommendations”: First, it reviews academic advancements on returning youth entrepreneurship; second, it systematically identifies core challenges across five dimensions—financial accessibility barriers, policy coordination gaps, insufficient capacity building, inadequate public services, and social integration obstacles; finally, it proposes a holistic support system encompassing policy integration, financing safeguards, skill enhancement, service guarantees, and social inclusion, aiming to optimize development environments for returning youth and unleash talent potential for rural revitalization.