积极老龄化视域下国内老年健康保障与照护服务体系构建研究

Research on the Construction of Elderly Health Security and Care Service System in China from the Perspective of Active Aging

摘要: 国内老龄化进程持续提速，高龄、失能、独居老人数量逐年上涨，大众养老需求不再只停留在日常吃住照料，更多老人对慢病管护、长期护理、心理陪伴产生刚性需求。现阶段基层老年健康服务基础偏弱，照护资源分配不均衡，医疗与养老服务衔接不畅，护理从业人员缺口大，智能养老设备落地效果有限，诸多现实难题制约健康老龄工作推进。本文依托积极老龄化相关理论，结合各地养老实践情况，梳理当下老年健康、养老照护行业发展实际，剖析体系运行中的各类现实矛盾，从前置健康干预、分层次供给照护、打通医养资源联动、完善护理人才培育、数字化养老落地五个方面提出改进思路。

Abstract: Driven by accelerated population aging in China, the population of advanced-age, disabled and solitary older adults is expanding. Elderly care demand has outgrown basic living support, generating rigid requirements for chronic disease management, long-term care and psychological support. Constrained by inadequate grassroots elderly health services, skewed allocation of care resources, poor medical-elderly care connectivity, nursing workforce shortages and limited practical efficacy of smart elderly care facilities, the development of healthy aging is hampered. Grounded in the theory of active aging and domestic elderly care practices, this paper clarifies the status quo of elderly health and long-term care services, analyzes systemic dilemmas, and puts forward optimization strategies covering proactive health intervention, hierarchical care provision, integrated medical-elderly care coordination, nursing talent cultivation and digital elderly care deployment.