数字资本主义情感异化批判及其扬弃路径研究

Research on the Critique and Sublimation Path of Emotional Alienation in Digital Capitalism

摘要: 数字技术的全域渗透推动资本主义生产方式步入数字资本主义阶段，情感作为人类极具主体性与属人性的生命体验，逐步被资本逻辑捕获，转化为可量化、可交易、可操控的增殖要素，由此催生全面深刻的情感异化危机。西方学界围绕该议题形成政治经济学批判、观念文化批判、存在论批判三大理论范式，不同理论家立足各自学术传统，从差异化视角揭示情感商品化、算法规训化与软性观念渗透的异化表征，理论内部存在显著的差异、对话与内在张力。本文在辨析各理论范式的解释效力与适用边界基础上，厘清数字社会情感秩序的学理内涵，尝试搭建可观测的操作化方向，剖析情感异化的生成逻辑，立足我国现实社会语境，审慎处理国家、市场、社会三方关系，在发挥规制引导效能的同时规避权力过度扩张风险，守护个体情感表达的自由与本真，从宏观中观微观三层级改为：从技术、文化、素养等多维度探寻情感异化的扬弃路径，促使数字技术回归服务人的发展的本然定位，构建兼具技术理性与人文温度的数字社会情感秩序。

Abstract: The all-encompassing penetration of digital technology has propelled the capitalist mode of production into the stage of digital capitalism. Emotions, as life experiences that are highly subjective and essential to humanity, have gradually been captured by the logic of capital and transformed into quantifiable, tradable, and manipulable elements of valorization, thereby giving rise to a comprehensive and profound crisis of emotional alienation. Western academia has formed three major theoretical paradigms around this issue: the critique of political economy, the critique of ideology and culture, and the ontological critique. Based on their respective academic traditions, different theorists reveal from differentiated perspectives the alienated manifestations of emotional commodification, algorithmic discipline, and soft ideological infiltration, with significant differences, dialogues, and internal tensions existing within these theories. On the basis of examining the explanatory efficacy and applicable boundaries of each theoretical paradigm, this paper clarifies the theoretical connotations of the emotional order in digital society, attempts to construct observable operational directions, and analyzes the generative logic of emotional alienation. Grounded in the realistic social context of our country, it prudently handles the tripartite relationship among the state, the market, and society, seeking to avoid the risk of excessive power expansion while leveraging regulatory and guiding efficacy, and to safeguard the freedom and authenticity of individual emotional expression. From the dimensions of technology, culture and literacy, it explores pathways to the transcendence of emotional alienation, aiming to guide digital technology back to its inherent positioning of serving human development and to construct a digital social emotional order that integrates both technological rationality and humanistic warmth.