面向机械类专业的材料力学课程知识图谱建设研究

Research on Knowledge Graph Construction for Mechanics of Materials Course for Mechanical Engineering Majors

摘要: 伴随新工科推进与智能制造产业升级，材料力学作为机械、机器人工程、机电工程专业的基础核心课程，存在知识点碎片化、理论内容脱离工程场景、跨课程知识存在割裂等教学困境。知识图谱通过节点和关系边组织零散知识点，形成层次化关联知识体系，为化解这类教学困境提供新思路。面向智能制造相关专业人才培养要求，本文剖析材料力学课程特点与教学难点，建立四层知识图谱框架及半自动化构建方法，配套工程案例嵌入、能力导向映射、跨课程知识关联、问题图谱协同等适配策略；构建融合混合式教学、案例教学与产教融合的应用模式，设计定性定量相结合、过程与结果并重的多维评价体系。教学实践显示，该方案有助于学生形成系统化知识结构，提升复杂机电工程问题求解能力。

Abstract: With the advancement of New Engineering Education and the upgrading of the intelligent manu- facturing industry, Mechanics of Materials, as a fundamental core course for majors in Mechanical Engineering, Robotics Engineering, and Mechatronics Engineering, faces teaching challenges such as fragmented knowledge points, theoretical content detached from engineering scenarios, and disconnection across related courses. Knowledge graphs organize scattered knowledge points through nodes and relational edges, forming a hierarchical and interconnected knowledge system, which offers a new approach to addressing these teaching difficulties. In response to the talent cultivation requirements of intelligent manufacturing-related majors, this paper analyzes the characteristics and teaching difficulties of the Mechanics of Materials course, establishes a four-layer knowledge graph framework and a semi-automated construction method, and proposes adaptive strategies including engineering case embedding, competency-oriented mapping, cross-course knowledge association, and problem-graph collaboration. It further develops an application model integrating blended teaching, case-based teaching, and industry-education integration, and designs a multi-dimensional evaluation system that combines qualitative and quantitative methods while balancing process and outcome assessment. Teaching practice demonstrates that this approach helps students form a systematic knowledge structure and enhances their ability to solve complex mechatronic engineering problems.