社交媒体语境中“X天花板”的极量评价功能——基于微博语料的构式语用研究

The Extreme Evaluative Function of “X Ceiling” in Social Media Context—A Constructional Pragmatic Study Based on Weibo Corpus

摘要: 语言作为人类社会交际的核心工具，随着社会文化的发展不断经历着演变与扩充，新兴构式也随之层出不穷。近年来，网络流行构式“X天花板”进入大众视野，该词已从其原义“室内的天棚”发生语义泛化，扩展为带有强烈极性评价义的构式，用以描述某人或某物达到“某领域的最高水准”。本文基于新浪微博检索并自建包含200条有效语料的微型语料库，试图从认知构式语法视角出发，系统探讨流行构式“X天花板”的构件特征、基于涉身经验与隐喻的形成机制，以及该构式在实际交际中展现出的多维语用价值。

Abstract: As the core instrument of human social communication, language continually undergoes evolution and expansion alongside sociocultural development, giving rise to an ever-growing number of emerging constructions. In recent years, the internet-popular construction “X ceiling” has entered the public consciousness. Having undergone semantic generalization from its original meaning of “an indoor overhead surface”, the expression has developed into a construction with strong evaluative polarity, used to describe a person or object as having attained “the highest level in a given domain”. Drawing on data retrieved from Sina Weibo, this study constructs a mini-corpus comprising 200 valid instances and, from the perspective of Cognitive Construction Grammar, systematically investigates the componential features of the popular construction “X ceiling”, its formation mechanisms grounded in embodied experience and metaphor, and the multidimensional pragmatic values it exhibits in actual communication.