童年期心理虐待、孤独感与青少年问题性短视频使用的关系：休闲无聊与自我控制的作用

The Relationship between Childhood Psychological Maltreatment, Loneliness and Problematic Short Video Use among Adolescents: The Roles of Leisure Boredom and Self-Control

摘要: 目的：考察童年期心理虐待、休闲无聊、孤独感、自我控制与青少年问题性短视频使用之间的关系，重点探讨自我控制在孤独感与问题性短视频使用之间的调节作用。方法：采用儿童心理虐待量表、休闲无聊量表、UCLA孤独感量表、自我控制问卷和大学生问题性短视频媒体使用量表，对广西地区723名初高中生进行问卷调查。结果：1) 童年期心理虐待与休闲无聊呈显著正相关，心理虐待能显著正向预测休闲无聊(β = 0.52, p < 0.001)，解释其27.5%的变异；2) 孤独感与问题性短视频使用呈显著正相关(r = 0.235, p < 0.001)，自我控制与问题性短视频使用呈显著负相关(r = −0.342, p < 0.001)；3) 孤独感和自我控制均能显著预测问题性短视频使用，二者共同解释其72.6%的变异，自我控制在孤独感与问题性短视频使用之间起调节作用，低、中、高自我控制组的简单斜率分别为1.577、1.460和1.342，即自我控制水平越高，孤独感对问题性短视频使用的预测作用越弱；4) 休闲无聊和童年期心理虐待对问题性短视频使用的直接预测作用不显著。结论：童年期心理虐待与青少年休闲无聊呈显著正相关；孤独感与问题性短视频使用呈显著正相关，自我控制与其呈显著负相关，且自我控制调节了孤独感与问题性短视频使用之间的关联。研究结果可为青少年问题性短视频使用的预防与干预提供一定参考。

Abstract: Objective: To examine the relationships among childhood psychological maltreatment, leisure boredom, loneliness, self-control and problematic short video use in adolescents, and to explore the moderating role of self-control in the relationship between loneliness and problematic short video use. Methods: A total of 723 junior and senior high school students in Guangxi completed the Child Psychological Maltreatment Scale, the Leisure Boredom Scale, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, the Self-Control Questionnaire and the Problematic Short Video Media Use Scale for University Students. Results: 1) Childhood psychological maltreatment was significantly positively correlated with leisure boredom, and maltreatment positively predicted leisure boredom (beta = 0.52, p < 0.001), explaining 27.5% of the variance; 2) loneliness was significantly positively correlated with problematic short video use (r = 0.235, p < 0.001), while self-control was significantly negatively correlated with it (r = −0.342, p < 0.001); 3) loneliness and self-control significantly predicted problematic short video use, jointly explaining 72.6% of the variance, and self-control moderated the relationship between loneliness and problematic short video use: the simple slopes were 1.577, 1.460 and 1.342 for the low, medium and high self-control groups respectively, indicating that the higher the level of self-control, the weaker the predictive effect of loneliness on problematic short video use; 4) leisure boredom and childhood psychological maltreatment did not significantly predict problematic short video use directly. Conclusion: Childhood psychological maltreatment was significantly positively correlated with leisure boredom among adolescents; loneliness was significantly positively correlated with problematic short video use, while self-control was significantly negatively correlated with it, and self-control moderated the relationship between loneliness and problematic short video use. These findings provide preliminary implications for the prevention of and intervention in adolescents’ problematic short video use.