义务教育优质均衡发展机制探索——以X地区为例

Research on the Mechanism for High-Quality and Balanced Development of Compulsory Education—Taking Region X as an Example

摘要: 当前，义务教育发展重心正在由基本均衡转向优质均衡，以满足人民群众对教育的新要求。积极探索义务教育优质均衡发展机制具有重要价值。尽管我国已全域实现义务教育基本均衡，但受多重条件制约，向优质均衡转型仍面临诸多障碍。本文以X地区为例，以史密斯政策执行模型为主线，整合公共服务均等化理论、教育资源配置理论与布迪厄文化资本理论为理论基础，分析教育现状，剖析制约因素，厘清生成逻辑，构建完整运行体系，提出实施路径，探索义务教育均衡发展的运行机制。

Abstract: Currently, the focus of compulsory education is shifting from basic equity to high-quality equity in order to meet the public’s new expectations for education. It is of great importance to actively explore mechanisms for the high-quality and equitable development of compulsory education. Although China has achieved basic equity in compulsory education nationwide, the transition to high-quality equity still faces numerous obstacles due to multiple constraints. Taking Region X as an example, this study uses the Smith’s policy implementation model as its main framework and integrates three theoretical foundations—the theory of equal access to public services, the theory of educational resource allocation, and Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital—to analyze the current state of education, dissect constraining factors, clarify the underlying logic, construct a comprehensive operational system, propose implementation pathways, and explore the operational mechanisms for the balanced development of compulsory education in this region.