医学人文视域下跨文化医患沟通教育缺位与优化路径

Educational Deficits and Optimization Pathways in Cross-Cultural Doctor-Patient Communication from the Perspective of Medical Humanities

摘要: 随着跨文化医疗场景逐步增多，由文化差异引发的医患沟通摩擦与信任问题开始受到关注。本文基于医学人文教育视角，梳理当前跨文化医患沟通能力培育存在的教育短板，探讨可行的优化路径。研究厘清跨文化医患沟通能力的内涵，分析医学人文教育与该能力形成之间的内在关联；从育人理念、课程体系、教学模式、师资队伍、实践场域与评价机制六个方面，梳理医学人文教育存在的系统性不足，及其可能带来的文化认知偏差、沟通障碍、医患信任受损等现实问题；据此提出理念调整、课程完善、教学模式革新、师资队伍建设、实践环节拓展与评价机制优化六条改进方向，尝试构建覆盖“理念–课程–教学–师资–实践–评价”的闭环改进框架。跨文化医患沟通能力的养成，需要医学人文教育在人才培养阶段为学生积累跨文化素养提供支持。

Abstract: As cross-cultural medical scenarios become increasingly common, communication friction and trust issues between healthcare providers and patients arising from cultural differences have begun to attract attention. From the perspective of medical humanities education, this article identifies current educational shortcomings in cultivating cross-cultural doctor-patient communication skills and explores feasible pathways for improvement. The study clarifies the connotation of cross-cultural communication competence in medicine and analyzes the intrinsic connections between medical humanities education and the development of such competence. It systematically examines six areas—educational philosophy, curriculum design, teaching models, faculty competencies, practical training, and assessment mechanisms—to identify systemic deficiencies in medical humanities education and their potential consequences, including cultural misunderstandings, communication barriers, and erosion of doctor-patient trust. Based on these findings, the paper proposes six improvement directions: revising educational philosophies, enhancing curricula, innovating teaching methods, strengthening faculty development, expanding practical training, and optimizing evaluation mechanisms. It aims to establish a closed-loop improvement framework encompassing “philosophy-curriculum-teaching-faculty-practice-assessment”. The cultivation of cross-cultural doctor-patient communication skills requires medical humanities education to support students in developing cross-cultural competencies during their training.