控释肥不同施用量对烤烟生长发育及产质量的影响

The Effects of Different Application Rates of Controlled-Release Fertiliser on the Growth, Development, Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco

摘要: 为探讨控释肥不同施用量对烤烟NC55品种生长发育及烟叶产质量的影响，筛选最适宜的控释肥施用量，实现烤烟生产的节本增效，本研究通过大田试验，设置3个处理：T1 (控释肥20 kg/亩)、T2 (控释肥30 kg/亩)、T3 (控释肥40 kg/亩)，系统分析了不同控释肥施用量对烤烟生育期、农艺性状、光合特性、经济性状、化学成分、氮素利用、碳氮代谢、衰老特性、感官评吸及外观质量的影响。结果表明，不同控释肥施用量对烤烟大田生育期影响不显著，但对农艺性状、经济性状及烟叶品质有显著影响。处理T2 (30 kg/亩)在光合特性、氮素利用效率、碳氮代谢相关酶活性、抗氧化酶活性及经济性状等方面表现最优，控释肥30 kg/亩为山东烟区烤烟NC55品种的最适宜施用量。该研究为优化控释肥施用策略、提升烤烟种植效益提供了科学依据。

Abstract: To investigate the effects of different application rates of controlled-release fertiliser on the growth and development of the NC55 flue-cured tobacco variety, as well as on tobacco leaf yield and quality, and to identify the most suitable application rate for controlled-release fertiliser with a view to reducing costs and increasing efficiency in flue-cured tobacco production, this study conducted field trials with three treatments: T1 (20 kg/mu of controlled-release fertiliser), T2 (30 kg/mu of controlled-release fertiliser) and T3 (40 kg/mu of controlled-release fertiliser). The study systematically analysed the effects of different application rates of controlled-release fertiliser on the growth period, agronomic traits, photosynthetic characteristics, economic traits, chemical composition, nitrogen utilisation, carbon-nitrogen metabolism, senescence characteristics, sensory evaluation and appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco. The results indicated that different application rates of controlled-release fertiliser had no significant effect on the growth period of flue-cured tobacco in the field, but did have a significant impact on agronomic traits, economic traits and tobacco leaf quality. Treatment T2 (30 kg/mu) performed best in terms of photosynthetic characteristics, nitrogen use efficiency, enzyme activities related to carbon-nitrogen metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activity and economic traits; an application rate of 30 kg/mu of controlled-release fertiliser was determined to be the most suitable for the NC55 variety of flue-cured tobacco in the Shandong tobacco-growing region. This study provides a scientific basis for optimising controlled-release fertiliser application strategies and enhancing the economic benefits of flue-cured tobacco cultivation.