基于废弃矿山再利用的煤–电–化–算一体化循环利用系统设计及运行研究

Research on the Design and Operation of an Integrated Coal-Electricity-Chemistry-Computing Recycling System Based on the Reuse of Abandoned Mines

摘要: 为破解西部煤炭资源富集区传统煤化工高碳高耗、算力中心制冷能耗偏高、废弃矿山资源闲置、多产业协同不足等突出问题，依托“双碳”目标与“东数西算”战略导向，结合DMTE煤制乙醇技术、风光储一体化技术、废弃矿井冷源利用技术，设计一种煤–电–化–算一体化循环利用系统，并提出其运行方法。该系统集成煤制乙醇DMTE工艺单元、清洁煤电调峰单元、风光储绿电供给单元等9大核心单元，实现能源流、物质流、碳流、水资源流、数据流的全域闭环耦合。结合不同装机容量、多因素联动波动、区域矿山禀赋三大维度开展补充分析，厘清装机规模对系统整体效率的影响规律、多因素叠加下项目抗风险水平，以及不同地区矿山条件对冷源、碳封存单元的制约与适配性差异。研究结果表明，该系统可将算力中心PUE稳定控制在1.1~1.2，绿电占比 ≥ 80%，煤化工碳排放降低57%以上，年减排CO₂约100万吨，水重复利用率 ≥ 90%，固废综合利用率 ≥ 95%，静态投资回收期约4.2年，税后内部收益率达25.6%。该系统实现了煤炭清洁利用、新能源就地消纳、算力低碳发展与废弃矿山资源化利用的有机统一，为西部资源区产业绿色转型提供了可复制、可推广的示范方案，兼具显著的经济、社会与生态效益。

Abstract: To address prominent issues in the coal-rich western regions—such as the high carbon emissions and energy consumption of traditional coal-chemical industries, high cooling energy demands of computing centers, underutilization of abandoned mine resources, and a lack of cross-industry synergy—this study designs an integrated coal-power-chemical-computing circular utilization system and proposes its operational methodology. Guided by the “Dual Carbon” goals and the “East-to-West Computing Resource Transfer” strategy, the system combines DMTE coal-to-ethanol technology, integrated wind-solar-storage technology, and abandoned mine cold-source utilization technology. It integrates nine core units—including the DMTE coal-to-ethanol process, clean coal-fired power peaking, and green power supply (wind, solar, and storage)—to achieve comprehensive closed-loop coupling of energy, material, carbon, water, and data flows. Supplementary analyses were conducted across three dimensions—installed capacity, multi-factor fluctuations, and regional mine characteristics—to clarify the impact of installed scale on overall system efficiency, project resilience under combined risk factors, and the constraints and suitability regarding cold sources and carbon sequestration units based on varying mine conditions. Results indicate that the system stabilizes the computing center’s PUE between 1.1 and 1.2, achieves a green power share of ≥80%, reduces coal-chemical carbon emissions by over 57% (an annual reduction of approximately 1 million tons of CO₂), and attains water reuse and solid waste utilization rates of ≥90% and ≥95%, respectively. The system yields a static payback period of approximately 4.2 years and an after-tax internal rate of return of 25.6%. It achieves an organic integration of clean coal utilization, local consumption of new energy, low-carbon computing development, and the resource utilization of abandoned mines, offering a replicable and scalable demonstration model for the green industrial transformation of western resource-rich regions while delivering significant economic, social, and ecological benefits.