超深矿井复杂巷道通风降温探究

Investigation into Ventilation and Cooling for Complex Roadways in Ultra-Deep Mines

摘要: 随着矿井开采深度不断增加，地温升高、通风阻力增大及热害问题日益突出，严重威胁作业安全与生产效率。针对超深矿井复杂巷道系统中存在的风流紊乱、热量积聚及降温效果不稳定等难题，本文基于计算流体动力学(CFD)方法，构建巷道三维物理模型，结合动量守恒方程与能量方程，对不同进风温度、风速及巷道结构条件下的风流运移规律与温度场分布进行数值模拟。通过分析整体风流组织特征、局部热环境演化及降温措施的响应效果，揭示关键参数对巷道热环境的影响机制，为优化超深矿井通风系统设计与高效降温技术应用提供理论支撑与实践依据。当风速为0.25 m/s左右时，温度随距离线性升高的函数关系为：C = 26.5 + 0.00732x。研究表明，单纯降低送风温度非最优方案，关键在于优化风流分配。

Abstract: As mining depth increases, issues such as rising ground temperature, growing ventilation resistance, and severe heat hazards become increasingly prominent, posing serious threats to operational safety and production efficiency. To address the challenges of airflow disorder, heat accumulation, and unstable cooling performance in complex roadway systems of ultra-deep mines, this study employs a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach to construct a three-dimensional physical model of roadways. By incorporating the momentum conservation equation and the energy equation, numerical simulations are conducted to investigate airflow migration patterns and temperature field distributions under different inlet air temperatures, air velocities, and roadway structural conditions. Through analyzing overall airflow organization characteristics, local thermal environment evolution, and the response effects of cooling measures, the influence mechanisms of key parameters on the roadway thermal environment are revealed. This provides theoretical support and practical guidance for optimizing ventilation system design and implementing efficient cooling technologies in ultra-deep mines. At an air velocity of approximately 0.25 m/s, the temperature increases linearly with distance, described by the function: C = 26.5 + 0.00732x. The results indicate that simply lowering the supply air temperature is not the optimal solution; rather, the key lies in optimizing airflow distribution.