氨气在多孔介质中燃烧的研究进展：火焰稳定性、排放特性与调控策略
Research Progress on Ammonia Combustion in Porous Media: Flame Stability, Emission Characteristics, and Control Strategies
DOI: 10.12677/app.2026.1611081, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 闫光添, 涂明旭, 梅志南：辽宁石油化工大学机械工程学院，辽宁 抚顺
关键词: 氨气燃烧；多孔介质；NOx排放；火焰稳定性；Ammonia Combustion； Porous Media； NOx Emissions； Flame Stability
摘要: 氨气作为零碳燃料潜力巨大，但其低火焰速度、高点火能量及NOx排放问题限制应用。多孔介质燃烧技术凭借优异的热回流与蓄热能力，可有效提升氨气燃烧稳定性并拓宽可燃极限。本文综述了氨气在多孔介质中燃烧的最新研究进展，涵盖氨气理化特性与基础火焰特性，重点分析多孔介质材料、孔径密度、孔隙率及结构对火焰稳定性和温度分布的影响，探讨NOx生成机理，并总结富燃–贫燃分级燃烧、空气分级、烟气再循环、预混/非预混模式及新型燃烧器设计等降NOx策略。最后指出当前挑战(氨气泄漏、N2O排放、材料耐久性)并展望未来方向，为高效清洁的氨气多孔介质燃烧器设计与优化提供理论参考。
Abstract: Ammonia, as a zero-carbon fuel, holds great potential, but its application is limited by low flame speed, high ignition energy, and NOx emissions. Porous media combustion technology, with its excellent heat recirculation and thermal storage capabilities, can effectively enhance ammonia combustion stability and broaden its flammability limits. This paper reviews the latest research progress on ammonia combustion in porous media, covering the physicochemical properties of ammonia and its fundamental flame characteristics, with a focus on the effects of porous media materials, pore density, porosity, and structure on flame stability and temperature distribution. The NOx formation mechanisms during ammonia combustion in porous media are discussed, and NOx reduction strategies such as rich-lean staged combustion, air staging, flue gas recirculation, premixed/non-premixed modes, and novel burner designs are systematically summarized. Finally, current challenges (ammonia leakage, N2O emissions, and durability of porous media materials) are identified and future research directions are outlined, aiming to provide theoretical references for the design and optimization of efficient and clean ammonia porous media burners.
文章引用：闫光添, 涂明旭, 梅志南. 氨气在多孔介质中燃烧的研究进展：火焰稳定性、排放特性与调控策略[J]. 应用物理, 2026, 16(11): 878-888. https://doi.org/10.12677/app.2026.1611081

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