探讨“秋燥”与小儿抽动障碍的相关性

Association of “Autumn Dryness” with Tic Disorders in Children

摘要: 目的：探讨“秋燥”与小儿抽动障碍发病及症状季节性加重之间的相关性，阐明其在中医理论框架下的病因病机特点，为临床防治提供理论依据。方法：通过梳理“秋燥”理论的经典文献渊源，结合小儿“稚阴稚阳”“肝常有余”等生理特点，从“燥伤津液–阴虚生风–肝风内动”的病机链条出发，并从肝–脾、肝–肾、肝–心等脏腑相关性角度，对小儿抽动障碍的发生发展机制进行系统分析与归纳。结果：秋季燥邪易耗伤津液，导致阴虚内生，肝失濡养而风动，进而诱发或加重抽动症状；同时，肝与脾、肾、心等脏腑功能失调相互影响，形成多脏腑协同致病的病理过程，共同参与抽动障碍的发生与反复。结论：本文认为秋燥可能是影响小儿抽动障碍症状波动的重要外在因素，其通过伤津动风、扰动肝木并累及多脏腑而加重病情。从秋燥角度认识本病，有助于丰富其病因病机理论，并为中医药在抽动障碍的季节性预防与干预中提供新的思路与依据。

Abstract: To investigate the association between “Autumn Dryness” and the onset and seasonal exacerbation of tic disorders in children, and to elucidate its etiological and pathogenic characteristics within the framework of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and provide a theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment. Based on classical literature on “Autumn Dryness” and the physiological characteristics of children, including “juvenile yin and juvenile yang” and “the liver is often in excess”, the pathogenesis of tic disorders was systematically analyzed and summarized according to the pathological sequence of “fluid consumption by dryness → yin deficiency generating wind → internal stirring of liver wind,” with consideration of the interactions among the liver, spleen, kidney, and heart. Autumn dryness may consume body fluids, leading to yin deficiency, insufficient liver nourishment, and internal wind, thereby triggering or aggravating tic symptoms. Dysfunction of the liver, spleen, kidney, and heart may interact and contribute to the development and recurrence of tic disorders. “Autumn Dryness” may be an important external factor contributing to seasonal fluctuations in tic symptoms. Its consumption of body fluids, stirring of wind, disturbance of liver wood, and involvement of multiple zang-fu organs may aggravate the disease. The TCM perspective of “Autumn Dryness” may enrich the understanding of tic pathogenesis and provide new ideas and a basis for the use of traditional Chinese medicine in the seasonal prevention and intervention of tic disorders.