陕北地区煤矸石绿色处置与资源化利用研究

Research on Green Disposal and Resource Utilization of Coal Gangue in Northern Shaanxi Region

摘要: 煤矸石露天堆存引发土地侵占、扬尘污染、酸性渗滤液下渗、矸石山自燃等环境风险，叠加陕北黄土高原–毛乌素沙地过渡带生态本底脆弱的先天条件，传统填埋、简单堆存处置模式已无法满足黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展战略要求。本文通过系统研究陕北神府、榆横、子长三大矿区煤矸石空间分布、年产量、资源分类体系，对生态修复基质制备、煤矸石基催化剂载体、建筑骨料与采空区回填三大煤矸石资源化路径进行分析，结果可为陕北地区煤矸石的资源化利用提供技术参考。

Abstract: The open storage of coal gangue poses environmental risks such as land occupation, dust pollution, acidic leachate infiltration, and spontaneous combustion of gangue piles. Coupled with the inherently fragile ecological background of the transition zone between the Loess Plateau and the Mu Us Sandy Land in northern Shaanxi, traditional landfill and simple storage disposal methods have been unable to meet the strategic requirements for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. This paper systematically studies the spatial distribution, annual production, and resource classification system of coal gangue in Shenfu, Yuheng, and Zichang mining areas in northern Shaanxi. It analyzes three major resource utilization pathways of coal gangue: preparation of ecological restoration substrates, coal gangue-based catalyst carriers, construction aggregates, and backfilling of mined-out areas. The results can provide technical references for the resource utilization of coal gangue in northern Shaanxi.