计量风格学视阈下鞠利长篇小说语言特征探究

A Study on the Linguistic Characteristics of Ju Li’s Novels from the Perspective of Stylistics

摘要: 计量风格学主张，作者言语习惯会以稳定的频率特征渗入文本，凝成可辨识、可验证的风格印记，为文学语言特征提供了超越主观体认的实证路径。本研究以新疆作家鞠利九部长篇小说为封闭语料，构建约156万字的语料库，聚焦词汇微观层面，以平均词长、高频实词、单现词比例、类符形符比与词汇密度为核心指标进行量化考察。研究发现，鞠利小说呈“低词长、高可读性”的口语化倾向；词汇丰富度呈“高更新、低波动”态势；词汇密度偏高，信息承载紧凑，共同构成“简洁而不浅白、丰富而不冗杂”的独特语言张力。研究将语言特征操作化为可重复验证的数值指标，为当代地域文学风格研究提供了可资借鉴的计量分析范式。

Abstract: Stylistics claims that the author’s speech habits will penetrate into the text with stable frequency characteristics and condense into identifiable and verifiable style imprints, providing an empirical path for literary language characteristics that goes beyond subjective recognition. This study uses Xinjiang writer Ju Li’s nine novels as a closed corpus to construct a corpus of approximately 1.56 million words. It focuses on the micro-level of vocabulary and conducts a quantitative investigation using average word length, high-frequency content words, proportion of single-occurring words, quasi-symbol ratio and vocabulary density as core indicators. The study found that Ju Li’s novels have a colloquial tendency of “low word length and high readability”; the vocabulary richness shows a trend of “high updating and low fluctuation”; the vocabulary density is high and the information is compact, which together form a unique language tension of “concise but not superficial, rich but not complicated”. The study operationalizes language characteristics into numerical indicators that can be repeatedly verified, providing a quantitative analysis paradigm that can be used for reference in the study of contemporary regional literary styles.