绿色治理与邻里增能：高校学生宿舍楼闲置资源共享互助实践研究

Green Governance and Neighborhood Empowerment: Practical Research on Sharing and Mutual Aid of Idle Resources in University Student Dormitory Buildings

摘要: 双碳目标背景下，当前高校普遍存在学生物资闲置浪费与楼栋邻里陌生、非正式社会支持网络薄弱的双重现实问题。本研究以L大学X女生宿舍楼自发开展的“食光共享·物换心动”闲置物品共享互换实践为研究对象，整合社会交换、社会资本等多套社会工作理论框架，采用参与式观察、半结构化访谈的混合研究方法，系统梳理了研究从探究优化到形成“需求调研–互换开展–归集反馈–规则优化”闭环运行模式的完整过程。研究证实楼栋微公益模式可同时实现绿色治理与邻里增能双重成效，既有效盘活闲置物资减少资源浪费，也能打破宿舍疏离感、培育楼栋互助氛围，促进非正式社会支持网络的萌芽。同时，本研究也剖析了当前学生自组织活动存在的物资管理不规范、覆盖面有限、缺乏专业长效支持等现实困境，从社工多角色介入角度提出五大优化路径，填补了国内将共享闲置实践与学生社区营造相结合的实务研究空白，为高校宿舍楼栋开展同类互助活动提供了可参考的实操案例。

Abstract: Under the background of the dual carbon goals, there are currently dual reality problems in universities, including idle and wasteful student materials, unfamiliarity with neighboring buildings, and weak informal social support networks. This study focuses on the spontaneous implementation of the “Food and Light Sharing · Material Exchange and Heartbeat” idle item sharing and exchange practice in female dormitory building X, L university. It integrates multiple social work theoretical frameworks such as social exchange and social capital, and adopts a mixed research method of participatory observation and semi-structured interviews to systematically sort out the complete process of research from exploration optimization to the formation of a closed-loop operation mode of “demand research exchange development collection feedback rule optimization”. Research has confirmed that the micro public welfare model in buildings can achieve dual effects of green governance and neighborhood empowerment, effectively revitalizing idle materials to reduce resource waste, breaking the sense of alienation in dormitories, cultivating a mutual aid atmosphere in buildings, and promote the emergence of informal social support networks. At the same time, this study also analyzed the current difficulties in material management, limited coverage, and lack of professional long-term support in student self-organization projects. From the perspective of multi role intervention by social workers, five optimization paths were proposed, filling the practical research gap in combining shared idle practices with student community building in China, and providing practical examples for similar mutual assistance activities in university dormitory buildings.