多元主体协同视角下老旧小区治理效能提升研究

Research on Improving the Governance Effectiveness of Old Residential Communities from the Perspective of Multi-Subject Collaboration

摘要: 随着城镇老旧小区改造由集中推进转入收尾阶段，改后怎么管已经取代了改不改，成为基层治理的主要问题。本文从多元主体协同的角度出发，对老旧小区治理需求、参与主体和协同与效能的关系进行梳理，并引入网络治理理论与社会资本理论，从互动规则、权力关系和信任基础三个维度考察正式制度与非正式规范对各类衔接机制的塑造，发现目前的治理中存在着主体参与不均衡、信息衔接不畅、治理资源分散、居民参与被动等问题。经过分析可知，这些困境主要是由于社区执行层面职责衔接不清、信息共享没有常态化的途径、资源链接依靠临时项目、参与获得感和持续参与相脱离所造成的。因此本文提出以事务协作流程来明确分工、以需求闭环回应来畅通信息、以清单对接整合资源、以多层次参与渠道激活居民、以综合评价指数强化反馈的提升路径，使老旧小区治理由多元主体同时在场走向有效协同。

Abstract: As the renovation of old urban residential communities in China moves from large-scale implementation to its final stage, the question of how communities should be governed after renovation has replaced whether they should be renovated as the core issue of grassroots governance. From the perspective of multi-subject collaboration, this paper examines the governance demands of old communities, the main participating subjects and the relationship between collaboration and governance effectiveness. Drawing on network governance theory and social capital theory, it further examines how formal institutions and informal norms shape the interaction rules, power relations and trust foundations of different connection mechanisms. It finds that current governance is constrained by uneven participation of subjects, poor information connection, scattered governance resources and passive resident participation. Further analysis shows that these problems stem mainly from an insufficiently refined division of responsibilities at the community implementation level, the lack of routine information sharing, resource linkage that depends on temporary projects, and the disconnection between residents’ sense of gain and their sustained participation. Accordingly, the paper proposes clarifying responsibilities through transaction collaboration procedures, smoothing information flows through closed-loop responses to residents’ demands, integrating resources through list-based matching, activating residents through multi-level participation channels and strengthening feedback through a comprehensive evaluation index, so that old communities can move from the mere co-presence of multiple subjects toward effective collaboration.