广南北部壮语亲属称谓的文化内涵解读

An Interpretation of the Cultural Connotations of Kinship Terms in Northern Guangnan Zhuang

摘要: 亲属称谓不仅是语言系统的重要组成部分，也是反映一个民族家庭伦理、宗族观念和社会关系认知的重要窗口。广南北部壮语亲属称谓系统在不同辈分之间呈现出“纵向等级严格、横向关系简化”的总体特征，父系与母系的区分并非整齐划一而是随着辈分高低呈现出动态变化，性别标记的使用主要受交际区分需求驱动，干亲称谓的代际差异则可能反映了拟制血缘观念的当代变迁，本文旨在本文以Kroeber亲属称谓六项语义特征为基本分析参数，借鉴Murdock亲属称谓类型学和Greenberg标记理论的分析视角，通过亲属称谓这一语言窗口，揭示广南北部壮语称谓系统与文化观念之间的深层对应关系，为广南北部壮语的文化语言学研究提供一个具体而微的分析个案。

Abstract: Kinship terms are not only an important component of the language system but also a significant window through which a people’s family ethics, clan concepts, and perceptions of social relations can be observed. The kinship term system of Northern Guangnan Zhuang displays an overall feature of “strict vertical hierarchy and simplified horizontal relations” across different generations. The distinction between the paternal and maternal lines is not uniform but rather shows dynamic variation with generational level. The use of gender markers is primarily driven by communicative differentiation needs, while generational differences in fictive kinship terms reflect contemporary changes in the concept of ritualized blood ties. Drawing on Kroeber’s six semantic features of kinship terms as basic analytical parameters, and incorporating perspectives from Murdock’s typology of kinship systems and Greenberg’s markedness theory, this paper aims to reveal, through the window of kinship terms, the deep correspondence between the kinship term system and cultural concepts in Northern Guangnan Zhuang, thereby providing a focused case study for the cultural linguistic study of Northern Guangnan Zhuang.