钢厂噪声特性分析

Analysis of Noise Characteristics of Steel Mill

摘要: 为了研究钢厂噪声污染情况，采用噪声测试系统对钢厂内各个主控室和质量检测车间、炼钢车间、轧钢车间各个设备的噪声进行了信号数据采集，采样频率为44,100 Hz，通过FORTRAN编程计算处理最终得出噪声信号的倍频程图和总声压级，分析确定出各个设备噪声的频率分布规律。实验结果表明，质量检测车间的砂轮切割床、炼钢车间的RH炉和轧钢车间的矫直工艺流程噪声最大，噪声强度分别达到了98.46 dB(A)、101.04 dB(A)和100.44 dB(A)，噪声主要频率范围分别为250~8000 Hz、1000~16,000 Hz、250~8000 Hz，占总声能的比例分别为76.56%、64.68%、76.67%。钢厂各个休息室中连铸主控室的噪声最大，总声级达到了87.54 dB(A)，主要噪声频段为63~2000 Hz，占总声能的73.09%。因此，应对三个车间和主控室设计降噪方案，在车间内保证工人作业时佩戴隔音耳塞，在主控室内安装隔声墙，隔声窗等。

Abstract: In order to study the current condition about noise pollution in the steel mill, a noise measurement system was applied to collect the sound data of the equipments in the steel-quality-testing workshop, the steel-making workshop and the steel-rolling workshop. And the sampling frequency was set to be 44,100 Hz. Then, the FORTRAN source codes were applied to obtain the noise signal octave diagram and the total sound level in order to find the noise frequency distribution cha-racteristics of each device. The experimental data showed that the greatest noise appears in the cutting bed of steel-quality-testing workshop, RH furnace of steel-making workshop and straigh-tening process of steel-rolling workshop, and the noise strength reaches 98.46 dB (A), 101.04 dB (A) and 100.44 dB (A) respectively. Further, their key noise frequency scopes focus on 250 - 8000 Hz, 1000 - 16,000 Hz and 250 - 8000 Hz, and their contributions to the total sound energy are 76.56%, 64.68% and 76.67% respectively. The noise of the casting key-control room is the greatest in all lounges of the steel mill. The total sound level reaches 87.54 dB (A); the key noise frequency ranges from 63 to 2000 Hz; and the contribution to the total sound energy is 73.09%. Therefore, the noise reduction scheme should be designed to deal with the three workshops and key-control room. The workers should wear acoustic earplugs when working in the workshops. The sound insulation walls and windows are installed in the key-control rooms.