新型智能分流雨水口设计与效能研究

Research on the Design and Efficacy of a New Type of Intelligent Diverting Storm Drain

摘要: 随着城市化进程加快，传统雨水排放系统面临内涝风险和雨水资源浪费的双重挑战。路面径流中的污染物在降雨初期集中输出，而传统雨水口不具备雨污分流能力，初期高污染雨水与后续清洁雨水混合排放，既加重受纳水体污染，也造成雨水资源浪费。针对传统雨水口功能单一、无分流能力、智能雨水口成本高昂难以普及等问题，本项目研发了一种智能分流新型雨水口，采用STM32单片机水质识别模块结合机械分流阀，实现初期雨水截污、清洁雨水回用和内涝预警三位一体功能。本项目为海绵城市建设背景下的雨水口升级改造提供了低成本、可推广的技术方案，具有显著的环境效益、经济效益和教育价值。

Abstract: With the acceleration of urbanization, traditional stormwater drainage systems face dual challenges of flood risks and rainwater resource waste. Pollutants in road runoff are released mainly in the initial stage of a rainfall event, yet traditional stormwater inlets cannot separate this highly polluted initial runoff from the subsequent clean rainwater, so the two are discharged together, aggravating pollution of receiving waters and wasting rainwater resources. Addressing the limited functionality of traditional inlets, their lack of diversion capacity, and the high cost of smart inlets that hinders widespread adoption, this project has developed a novel smart diversion stormwater inlet. By integrating an STM32 microcontroller-based water quality identification module with mechanical diversion valves, it achieves a triple-function system for initial stormwater interception, clean rainwater reuse, and flood warning. This project provides a low-cost, scalable technical solution for upgrading stormwater inlets under the sponge city initiative, delivering significant environmental, economic, and educational benefits.