预防医学专业本科生导师制的实践与探索

Practice and Exploration of the Undergraduate Tutorial System in the Preventive Medicine Specialty

摘要: 预防医学人才培养强调群体思维、现场实践与科研能力，以课堂讲授和集中实习为主的传统培养方式，已难以为每名学生提供持续的个性化指导与科研训练机会。我系自2021年起在预防医学专业本科生中推行导师制，从导师遴选聘任、师生双向选择、过程管理与考核激励三个环节完善制度设计，按“适应–成长–提升”三个阶段组织递进式指导，并将职业素养与课程思政融入指导全过程。实践表明，导师制在提升学生科研参与度、现场实践能力和专业认同感方面取得了初步成效；同时也存在导师投入不均衡、学生主动性不足、保障条件不充分等问题。文章结合实践提出改进思路，以期为同类院校预防医学专业推行本科生导师制提供参考。

Abstract: Talent training in preventive medicine emphasizes group-based thinking, field practice and research capacity. The traditional training mode, which relies mainly on classroom teaching and concentrated practice, can hardly provide every student with continuous individualized guidance and research training. Since 2021, our department has implemented an undergraduate tutorial system in the Preventive Medicine specialty. The system has been improved in mentor selection and appointment, two-way choice between mentors and students, and process management with assessment and incentives. Guidance is organized progressively in three stages, namely adaptation, growth and improvement, with professional quality and ideological-political education integrated into the whole process. Practice shows that the tutorial system has produced preliminary results in improving students’ research participation, field practice ability and professional identity. Meanwhile, problems such as unbalanced mentor engagement, insufficient student initiative and inadequate supporting conditions remain. Improvement ideas are proposed to provide reference for similar institutions.