水生态系统服务价值评估及工业活动影响——山东省齐河县案例

Assessment of Water Ecosystem Service Value and Industrial Impacts in Qihe, Shandong Province

摘要: 本文基于生态系统评估框架建立了针对区域复合生态系统的水生态系统服务价值评价指标体系，并对2012年山东省齐河县水生态系统服务价值进行了核算。结果显示，2012年齐河县的水生态服务价值总计为39.13亿元。其中，调节服务和文化服务的价值较高，分别为26.41亿元和9.67亿元，占总价值量的67.50%和24.71%，其次为供给服务、支持服务，分别为2.73亿元和0.32亿元。从单项水生态服务价值来看，气候调节、娱乐和生态旅游及地表水调蓄的服务价值排在前三位，分别为20.5亿元，9.67亿元和5.78亿元。工业活动会通过影响水生态系统的水量、水质和水功能而对系统服务造成影响，其中工业取水用水、废水排放和废水处理过程会直接造成水资源消耗和水污染从而影响水生态系统服务价值，而工业用地、原料能源消耗及废物排放等过程会间接损害水生态系统健康，使生态系统服务减值。

Abstract: Based on the United Nations Millennium ecosystem assessment framework, this paper established a water ecosystem service evaluation system. According to the framework, we carried out the cal-culation and analysis of water ecosystem service value in Qihe, Shandong Province in 2012. The results showed that the total economic value of water ecosystem service of Qihe was 3.913 billion RMB. From the perspective of value, the highest two kinds of ecosystem services were regulating services, 2.641 billion RMB and cultural services, 0.967 billion RMB, accounting for 67.50% and 24.71% of total economic value. And the values of provision service and supporting service were 0.273 billion and 32 million. In terms of individual ecosystem service value, the top three ecosys-tem services were climate regulation, recreation & eco-tourism and surface water regulation & storage, the values of which were 2.05 billion, 0.967 billion and 0.578 billion. Industrial activities have impact on ecosystem by influencing water quantity, water quality and water functions. Among different impact factors, water consumption, wastewater discharge and treatment have a direct impact on water ecosystem service values, while industrial land use, raw materials & energy consumption and waste emission are indirect factors, which will cause impairment of ecosystem services.