数字偏好的发展特点及原因探析

Developmental Characters and Reason Analysis of Number Preference

摘要: 采用等级排列法考察三年级、初一、高一和大学生数字偏好的发展特点及形成原因。结果表明：1) 当以百分比为指标时，三年级和初一学生最喜欢1和6，最不喜欢0；高一和大学生最喜欢7，最不喜欢4。2) 当以平均等级得分为指标时，三年级、初一和高一学生最喜欢6，大学生最喜欢6和8。另外，三年级最不喜欢0；初一最不喜欢0和4；高一和大学生最不喜欢4。3) 数字偏好的原因主要来自于谐音寓意和是否幸运，可能受多元文化和个人经历等因素的影响。这些发现表明我国青少年逐步形成“喜欢6和8，忌讳4”的数字偏好。

Abstract: To investigate the developmental characters and formed reasons of number preference, a total of 1186 subjects from the third graders, the seventh graders, Senior One students and undergra-duates took part in this experiment. They were asked to sort number 0 - 9 in terms of the likeability degree using rank-order methods. Results indicated that: 1) when the index is percentage, both the third graders and the seventh graders least liked the number 0, whereas they most liked the number 1 and 6, respectively. Senior One students and undergraduates both most liked the num-ber 7 and least liked the number 4. 2) When the study uses the average score as the index, the number 6 was the favorite number for the third graders, the seventh graders and Senior One stu-dents, while both the number 6 and 8 were the favorite numbers for undergraduates. In addition, the third graders most disliked the number 0; Senior One students and undergraduates most dis-liked the number 4; and the seventh graders most disliked both the number 0 and 4. 3) The rea-sons mainly include the implied meaning and luck, which may be influenced by different cultures and personal experiences, etc. These findings suggest that the number preference of Chinese stu-dents gradually develops with the growth of age.