HPLC法测定兴安落叶松针叶中莽草酸含量

Analysis of Shikimic Acid Content in the Needle of Larix gmelinii by HPLC

摘要: 本文采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对北方常见松科树种兴安落叶松针叶中莽草酸含量及其全年动态变化进行分析。从2015年5月份开始采摘新鲜松针叶片，采样时间为每月15日，选取5株树龄相近的兴安落叶松树，每次分别从同株树的上、中，下三个部位各采集新鲜叶片300.0 g，直至本年11月针叶脱落为止。所采集松针叶片按照采集月份分为7份，混合均匀，阴干。干燥叶片研磨粉碎后，采用超声辅助法，用甲醇提取针叶中的莽草酸，提取液经减压浓缩，甲醇复溶后，进行HPLC检测分析。HPLC检测结果表明：兴安落叶松针叶中莽草酸平均含量全年变化范围为0.04%~0.44%。在不同时期，兴安落叶松针叶中莽草酸的含量不同，在6月中旬含量达到最大值0.44%，而11月份达到最低值0.04%。本文对兴安落叶松针叶中莽草酸的含量进行初步测定，并为工业上生产莽草酸的原料找到良好的替代品。

Abstract: In this paper, the dynamic change of shikimic acid contents in the needle of Larix gmelinii during a year was studied using the method of HPLC. The fresh pine needle from the upper, middle and lower parts of 5 Larix gmelinii trees with the same age was collected from middle of March to middle of November in 2015. The weight per sample was 300.0 g. The samples collected in the same month were homogeneous mixing and dried in the shade. Before using, the sample was grounded and sieved into homogeneous size. The dried sample powder was mixed with methonal for ultrasonic treatment to extract shikimic acid. The extract was concentrated and re-solved for analysis of HPLC. The results showed that the shikimic acid contents in the needle of Larix gmelinii ranged from 0.04% to 0.44%, while the contents of shikimic acid in Larix gmelinii changed during different months. The highest content reached 0.44% in the middle of June, with the time increasing; the lowest content reached 0.04% in November. The paper determines the contents of shikimic acid contents in the needle of Larix gmelinii, in order to find a good substitute of raw materials for industrial production of shikimic acid.