三维激光扫描与传统量测对植株苗期形态监测方法比较

Comparison of 3D Laser Scanning Technology and Conventional Methods in the Morphology Measurement at Seeding Stage

摘要: 本文介绍了三维激光扫描技术的原理、系统组成及其对玉米植株三维形态扫描的过程、数据的处理和形态特征参数获取的方法，并与传统量测方法进行比较探讨两种新旧方法的优劣。使用人工测量方法和三维激光扫描方法分别对12株玉米植株的株高、叶基角、茎秆直径及横截面积进行测量比较，研究结果表明，三维激光扫描的测量结果与人工测量结果规律性一致，可以替代人工测量。对同一植株的重复测量进行稳定性分析，发现三维激光扫描方法的测量结果变异性小于人工测量结果，人为影响因素小。但是在时间效率上，三维激光扫描方法还有待进一步提高。三维激光扫描能无损监测植株的三维形态结构，拓展了植株形态测量方法，对植物数字化有重要意义。

Abstract: This paper introduces the principle of 3D laser scanning technology, its components of the system, process in maize morphology measurement and data processing method. Besides, how to gain the morphological parameter is elaborated. And 3D laser scanning technology is compared with the traditional method to explore the pros and cons of both approaches. 12 maize plants’ heights, leaf angles, stem diameters and cross-sectional areas are measured with artificial methods and 3D laser scanning method. The results show that the 3D laser scanning measurement results are consistent with the artificial measurement results and the former can replace the latter. After repeated measurements on the same plant by stability analysis, it is found that the variability of 3D laser scanning method result is less than artificial measurement result. The artificial factors play a smaller role in the 3D laser scanning method. 3D laser scanning can nondestructive measure the plant morphology. But it takes more time and its methods need further improvement. 3D laser scanning method expands the method of measurement of plant morphology and has important significance in plant digital.