不同耕作方式对农田土壤微生物功能多样性的影响
Effects of Different Tillage Methods on Functional Diversity of Soil Microbial Community
DOI: 10.12677/HJAS.2016.61001, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 刘红梅, 张贵龙, 皇甫超河, 杨殿林, 赵建宁：农业部环境保护科研监测所，天津
关键词: 耕作方式；土壤微生物；Biolog；功能多样性；Tillage Methods； Soil Microbial Community； Biolog； Functional Diversity
摘要: 为揭示耕作方式对华北农田土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响，采用Biolog-Eco技术，研究了4种耕作处理(撂荒LF、翻耕FT、旋耕RT、免耕NT)土壤微生物群落功能多样性的变化。结果表明：1) 不同耕作方式下土壤微生物群落平均颜色变化率(Average well color development) AWCD值从高到低依次为LF > NT > RT > FT，LF、NT、RT的AWCD显著高于FT (P < 0.05)。2) LF、NT和RT处理土壤微生物群落丰富度指数H、优势度指数D均显著高于FT处理(P < 0.05)。LF、NT和RT的丰富度指数H、优势度指数D和均匀度指数E在观测期无显著差异(P > 0.05)。3) 主成分分析表明，RT与LF土壤微生物群落碳源利用类型相似。旋耕秸秆还田和撂荒有利于提高土壤微生物活性和土壤微生物群落功能多样性。
Abstract: The aim was to study the influence of different tillage methods on functional diversity of soil mi-crobial community in the North China farming areas. Using the method of Biolog-Eco, a comparative study was made on the utilization level of single carbon source by the soil microbes of four tillage methods (abandoned LF, conventional FT, rotary RT, no-tillage NT). The results showed that: 1) the Average Well Color Development (AWCD) value of abandoned tillage, no-tillage, rotary tillage were significantly higher than conventional tillage (P < 0.05); 2) the Shannon index (H) and Simpson’s Dominance (D) of the soil microbial community of abandoned tillage, no-tillage, rotary tillage were significantly higher than conventional tillage (P < 0.05), whereas the Shannon index (H), Simpson’s Dominance and Substrate evenness (E) had no significant difference among abandoned tillage, no-tillage and rotary tillage (P > 0.05); 3) principal component analysis indicated that the carbon source utilization of soil microbial community was similar among the rotary tillage and no-tillage treatment. In conclusion, rotary tillage with straw return and abandoned tillage were helpful to improve the soil metabolic activity of microorganism and the functional diversity of soil microbial communities.
文章引用：刘红梅, 张贵龙, 皇甫超河, 杨殿林, 赵建宁. 不同耕作方式对农田土壤微生物功能多样性的影响[J]. 农业科学, 2016, 6(1): 1-9. https://dx.doi.org/10.12677/HJAS.2016.61001

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