Cu²⁺、Zn²⁺、Ni²⁺、Cr⁶⁺对生菜生长的影响

Effects of Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cr⁶⁺ Metal on Lactuca sativa

摘要: 本文以重金属离子Cu²⁺、Zn²⁺、Ni²⁺、Cr⁶⁺为材料，以水晶生菜为研究对象，探讨了重金属胁迫对生菜的伤害机理及生菜对重金属胁迫的耐性机制。结果显示重金属对植物生长发育的影响体现在多个方面。例如Cu²⁺对植物株高，叶面积、根长以及地下生物量的影响从低浓度就开始表现出抑制作用，随浓度增大抑制作用越发明显。Zn²⁺、Ni²⁺、Cr⁶⁺对植物的影响整体看来表现出低浓度有促进作用，但随浓度增加表现出抑制作用，而且呈现正相关。生菜对重金属胁迫的敏感性在不同发育阶段也存在着明显的差异，以幼苗期最为敏感。

Abstract: In this paper, Lactuca sativa was chosen as the focus plant species to test the injury mechanism of heavy metal stress, the tolerance mechanism of Lactuca sativa to heavy metals Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺,  Ni²⁺, Cr⁶⁺ was also tested. The results showed that, heavy metals could show their injury effects on the growth and development of Lactuca sativa through different ways. For example, Cu²⁺ inhibited the height, leaf area, root length and biomass even when it’s in low concentration and, inhibition increased with the increase of concentration. However, Zn²⁺,  Ni²⁺, Cr⁶⁺ promoted the growth of Lactuca sativa when they were in lower concentrations, while they inhibited the growth of Lactuca sativa when in higher concentrations, and the inhibition increased with the increase of concentration. Lactuca sativa showed different tolerance mechanism to heavy metals in different growth stages, and its seedlings were the most sensitive stage.