留守儿童、孤儿的共情特点研究

Research on Characteristics of the Empathy of Left-Behind Children and Orphans

摘要: 为了解留守儿童与孤儿的共情特点，本研究以IRI-C和共情投射测验为工具对34名农村留守儿童和52名孤儿和51名正常儿童的共情能力进行了测查，结果显示留守儿童组、孤儿组以及正常儿童组在IRI-C (F = 10.563, p < 0.000)和共情投射测验(F = 26.639, p < 0.000)上存在不同程度差异，在IRI-C中观点采择维度上被试间存在显著差异(F = 121.33, p < 0.05), 正常儿童组和留守儿童组得分显著高于孤儿组，在想象(F = 326.98, p < 0.000)和同情关心(F = 670.62, p < 0.000)维度上被试间存在显著差异，正常儿童组得分最高，孤儿组次之，留守儿童组最低；投射测试也有相似的结果。说明相对于正常儿童而言孤儿与留守儿童的共情能力有不同程度的损伤。

Abstract: In this research, to understand the characteristics of the empathy of left-behind children and or-phans, the IRI-C and the empathy projective test were surveyed in 34 left-behind children in rural areas and 52 orphans. The result shows that there are significant differences in the sample of left-behind children, orphans and normal children in the IRI-C (F = 10.563, p < 0.000) and the empathic projective test (F = 26.639, p < 0.000). In the perspective-taking dimension, there were significant differences (F = 121.33, p < 0.05) in the different groups of subjects. The normal children group and the left-behind children group scored significantly higher than the orphaned group. Different subjects groups in the Fantasy (F = 326.98, p < 0.000) and the Empathic Concern (F = 670.62, p < 0.000) have significant differences. The normal children group scored the highest, followed by group of orphans and the left-behind children group scored the lowest; projective test has the similar results. In conclusion, the orphans’ and left-behind children's empathy ability than normal children have different degrees of damage.