亚热带竹林地区的臭氧及其影响因子

Ozone and Its Affecting Factors in the Subtropical Bamboo Forest

摘要: 2012年7月至2013年1月，在我国浙江省亚热带竹林开展了挥发性有机物(BVOCs)排放、O₃、太阳辐射、气象参数等的综合测量。基于PAR能量平衡原理和冠层尺度异戊二烯和单萜烯排放经验模式，建立了考虑O₃与异戊二烯和O₃与单萜烯关系的O₃经验模式，该模式对于O₃日变化和平均值有较好的模拟。对经验模式进行了检验，结果表明它可以较好地捕捉O₃的变化特征。利用经验模式计算了O₃对各个因子(异戊二烯或单萜烯、PAR、水汽、S/Q-散射因子，散射辐射/总辐射)变化的敏感性：对于O₃与异戊二烯关系的O₃经验模式，O₃对PAR的变化最敏感，其次是水汽因子，再次是异戊二烯；最后是S/Q；对于O₃与单萜烯关系的O₃经验模式，O₃对PAR的变化最敏感，其次是水汽和S/Q因子，最后是单萜烯；O₃对各因子变化的响应均是非线性的。敏感性研究给出了与实测数据较为一致的结果，增加了我们对于O₃、BVOCs化学和光化学机制的理解和认识。基于测量和敏感性研究，提出未来控制高浓度O₃污染的一些建议：控制人为原因引起的BVOCs排放、人为源挥发性有机物排放、以及NO_x和SO₂排放等。

Abstract: During July 2012-January 2013, integrated measurements of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), O₃ and solar radiation at a subtropical bamboo forest, Zhejiang province, were carried out. Based on PAR energy balance and empirical models of isoprene and monoterpene emissions at canopy scale, O₃ empirical models considering the relationships between O₃ and isoprene and O₃ and monoterpenes, respectively, were developed. O₃ diurnal variation and mean value were better simulated by O₃ empirical models. The validation of O₃ empirical models was made, which showed that it can capture O₃ variation characteristics. A sensitivity study of the response of O₃ to changes in its controlling factors (i.e., isoprene or monoterpenes, PAR, water vapor and S/Q-scat- tering factor, ratio of solar scattering radiation to solar global radiation) showed that O₃ was most sensitive to PAR, and more sensitive to water vapor, isoprene emission and S/Q, for O₃ empirical model considering the relationship of O₃ with isoprene emission; O₃ was also most sensitive to PAR, and more sensitive to water vapor, S/Q and monoterpene emissions, for O₃ empirical model considering the relationship of O₃ with monoterpene emissions. The responses of O₃ to changes of all controlling factors were nonlinear. The sensitivity studies exhibited good agreements with the observations, and improved our understanding of chemical and photochemical mechanisms associated with O₃ and BVOCs. Some suggestions in controlling future high O₃ pollution were put forwarded, e.g., controlling emissions of Human-induced BVOC emissions, anthropogenic volatile organic compound emissions, and NO_x and SO₂ emissions.