新形式下如何谨防责任分散效应，利用集体意识加强对应用技术大学班级的管理

How to Guard against Liability Dispersion Effect and Take Advantage of Collective Consciousness to Strengthen the Management of Class in University of Applied Science under the New Circumstances

摘要: 应用技术大学拥有高等教育和职业教育的双重特征，其班级管理应有符合其自身特点的措施，但由于其发展历程所限，很多该类大学的班级管理还是承袭高职高专的管理，不利于学生的发展。本文认为，谨防责任分散效应，利用集体意识加强对应用技术大学班级的管理可取得事半功倍的效果。具体可从以下几方面着手：一、优化顶层管理理念；二、辅导员的放手、引导与任课老师的育人相结合；三、从细节入手，谨防责任分散效应，加强责任意识——制定相应的班级规章制度和合理科学的班委制度，健全合理的评优评奖制度；培养得力的班委；明确个人与班级的关系；制定班级共同目标，设立个人目标；不断强化为共同目标努力的意识；实行目标责任制；加强角色行为的引导；开通良好的反馈渠道，健全监督评价体系；举办各种活动加强学生的责任意识和集体意识，维护班级体团结；结合社团、学生会、学校论坛、微博、微信、QQ等进行责任意识和集体意识的培养；建立相关的人文关怀制度；坚持不断完善的原则。

Abstract: University of Applied Science has double characteristics of higher education and vocational edu-cation. The measures of class management should conform to its own characteristics. But due to the limitation of its development course, the universities continue to use the management of higher vocational college. It is not conducive to the development of students. We think that guarding against liability dispersion effect and taking advantage of collective consciousness to strengthen the management of class in University of Applied Science can get twice the result with half the effort. It can be done from the following measures: first, optimizing the top-level management concept; second, the relinquishing and guidance of counselors’, and the education from professional teachers'; third, proceeding from the details, guarding against liability dispersion effect, and strengthening the consciousness of responsibility—formulating the corresponding rules and regulations of class management and the reasonable scientific system of class committee, and improving the rational system of appraisal and evaluation; training effective class committee; defining the relationship between individual and class; setting personal goals and class goals; reinforcing the consciousness of working towards a common goal constantly; implementing target accountability system; strengthening the guidance of role behavior; establishing the good channel of feedback and improving the system of supervision and evaluation; organizing various of activities to strengthen students' sense of responsibility and collective consciousness, and maintain the unity of the class; taking advantage of the community, student union, school BBS, microblog, WeChat, QQ and other mediums to culture the consciousness of responsibilities and collective; establishing relevant humanistic care system; adhering to the principle of continuous improvement.