2015年中国不同省市自治区医药制造业的经营成果分析

Production and Management in Chinese Manufacture of Medicines in 2015

摘要: 目的：比较中国不同省、市、自治区医药制造业2015年的经营成果。方法：用主成分分析法对数据完整的29个省区的企业数、从业人员数、资产总计、主营业务收入、利润、出口交货值提取出一个主成分来代表其规模，用利润率代表其效益进行综合比较。结果：2015年中国不同省区医药制造业的平均利润率为10.8%。规模大且超过平均利润率的省区仅有“浙江”与“广东”两个，规模大效益低的省区有8个，规模小效益高的省区有14个，而规模小且效益低的省区有5个。结论：不同省区医药制造业的经营规模和效益有较大的差异。各个省区要认真分析自身的优势与劣势，找出一条适合自己产业发展的最优模式。

Abstract: Objectives: Compare production and management in manufacture of medicines among various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in 2015. Methods: Overall, 29 provinces with completed data are included in the analysis. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) is applied here to extract a synthesized value which served as a comprehensive factor of scale for each province from multiple indexes namely number of companies, number of employees, total assets, primary business revenues, profits and export values. With profit margins serving as the index for benefit measurement and the PCA extracted value demonstrating the scale, a comparison is made conse-quently. Results: The average profit margin of Manufacture of Medicines of different provinces in 2015 is 10.8%, with Zhejiang province and Guangdong province being the only two examples which share huge scale and meanwhile whose operation results exceed the average national profit rate. Furthermore, 8 provinces are of large scale and low profit margins, 14 being the small-scaled and highly profited ones and the remaining 5 being those of both small scale and low profit margins. Conclusions: Diversities widely exist regarding to operation scale and benefits among various man-ufacture of medicines of different provincial levels. Based on its unique strengths and weaknesses, each province should explore out a characterized way in better smoothing its industry development.