微生态制剂与增氧活水机配合应用于河豚养殖增产增效机理的研究

Research on the Mechanism of Increasing Production and Efficiency on Application of Probiotics Combined with Oxygen-Increasing and Water-Flowing Machine in Puffer Farming

摘要: 水质恶化是引发水产病害、水产品质量安全风险等问题的主要原因，溶氧是养殖水质的核心指标和水产养殖关键因子。为了探索现代水产生态养殖技术，我们开展了将低能耗活水与高效率增氧的增氧活水机与微生态制剂配合使用应用于河豚养殖的试验研究，实现了高效节能和无残留净化养殖水质，均衡溶氧，消除“氧债”，解决了长久以来困扰养殖水体晴日白天底层缺氧、夜晚缺氧和阴雨天缺氧的问题，扩大了养殖空间，延长养殖时间，加速水体物质能量循环，抑制了蓝藻爆发，预防了水产病害，从而达到了提高饲料利用效率和水产动物生长速度，改善水产品品味，实现了降本增效、提质增效和增产增效。试验池比对照池亩增产65.4千克/亩，增产23.4%；饵料系数1.61，比对照塘降低0.15；养殖成本为37.53元/千克，比对照塘低4.33元/千克；亩产值50284元，亩增5354元，增加11.92%；亩净利润26874元，亩增5635元，增加26.53%。并且由于水质改善，基本未使用药物，养成水产品质量安全水平和风味明显提升。

Abstract: Deterioration of water quality results in aquatic disease, quality and safety risk of aquatic products and other issues in recent years. Dissolved oxygen is a core water quality index and a key factor in aquaculture. For the purpose of exploring modern ecological aquacultural technology, we applied oxygen-increasing and water-flowing machine which was considered as low-energy consumption and high-efficiency increasing oxygen combined with probiotics on puffer farming. It had achieved a highly efficient energy saving and no residue way to clean pond water, balanced dissolved oxygen, eliminating “oxygen debt”, and solving the problem of poor-oxygen in the bottom of pond on sunny daytime, night and rainy days. Furthermore, this comprehensive application expanded aquaculture space, extended farming time, accelerated matter-energy circulation in pond water, inhibited the outbreak of blue algae, prevented aquatic disease happened, as a result, it elevated feed utility efficiency and aquatic animal growth performance, improved aquatic products taste, accomplished the target of reducing costs, improving quality as well as increasing yield and improving productivity. The results indicated that: compared with control pond, the fish production in trial pond raised 65.4 kg/mu by 23.4%. The feed coefficient in trial pond was 1.61 which was decreased by 0.15. The farming cost in trial pond was 37.53 yuan/kg which was lower than control pond around 4.33 yuan/kg. The output value reached 50284 yuan/mu in trial pond which was higher than control pond 5354 yuan/mu by 11.92%. The net profit was made as 26874 yuan/mu in trial pond which was increased 5635 yuan/mu by 26.53% compared to control pond, During this farming period, no drug was applied, the quality and safety level as well as the flavor of aquatic products promoted significantly due to the better water quality.