白鹤滩库区河段水沙特性初步分析研究

Preliminarily Analyze the Water and Sediment Characteristics of Baihetan Reservoir

摘要: 过去在对金沙江进行水沙特性分析时，大多主要针对金沙江下游河段干流进行整体分析，未单独对下游某一段河道进行水沙特性分析。而近年来，受气候、流域下垫面条件变化，以及金沙江梯级水电站蓄水运行等影响，河道水沙特性也发生一系列新的变化，因此有必要在现阶段对拟建白鹤滩水电站库区河段的水沙特性进行分析研究。本文正是从这种需求出发，基于现有资料，以拟建白鹤滩水电站库区河段为对象，除关注干流河段外，还加入库区所含支流河段的分析，通过选择白鹤滩库区所在河段入库控制站、出库控制站以及支流控制站，采用常规的水文数理统计和对比分析等方法，从入库、出库及区间来水来沙变化情况三个方面对白鹤滩库区所在河道历年来的来水来沙特性进行系统分析，找出水沙特性变化的具体时间节点并分析变化原因等。为优化白鹤滩水库运行和管理方式、对比水库建成投入使用后河道水沙特性变化影响，以及为预测白鹤滩水库建成投入使用后出入库水沙变化趋势奠定一些基础。

Abstract: In the past, the analysis of the water and sediment characteristics in the Jinsha River, mainly aims at the overall analysis of the trunk stream in the downstream of Jinsha River, rather than the single analysis on water and sediment characteristics in a certain period of downstream river. In recent years, affected by changes of climate and watershed underlying surface conditions, and the influence of water storage operation on cascade hydropower stations in Jinsha River, river water and sediment characteristics also had a series of new changes. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of water and sediment in the reservoir section of the proposed Baihetan hydropower station at present. This paper is starting from this demand, based on the existing data, in Baihetan Hydropower Station Reservoir area of the object. In addition to focusing on the main stream reach, the analysis of the tributary of the reservoir is also included, and by choosing the Baihetan reservoir area located in a storage library control station, outbound control station and tributary control station, using the methods of hydrological mathematical statistics and comparative analysis, taking Baihetan reservoir reach as the object to summarize the basic characteristics of the river water and sediment analysis over the years and adopting conventional hydrological mathematical statistics method and comparative analysis method, the coming water and sediment characteristics in Baihetan reservoir reach over the years have been systematically analyzed, finding out the specific time node of water sediment characteristics and analyzing the causes of change. In conclusion, with current commonly used hydrological statistics method and comparative analysis method, this paper used the existing hydrological data to make systematic analysis on river water and sediment characteristics, laying good foundation for optimizing the operation and management methods of Baihetan reservoir, comparing the change influences and predicting the change trend of water and sediment characteristics after the operation of Baihetan reservoir.