专利海盗的范畴与法律规制问题研究

Research on the Scope and Legal Regulation of Patent Trolls

摘要: 伴随着专利集中战略的扩张和专利诉讼中的利益获取手段被挖掘，囤积大量专利并以此作为诱饵开展诉讼活动的专利海盗不断增加，甚至一些以创新为原始目的的专利运营实体也开始参与进来。大量的侵权主张使得科技创新实体苦不堪言，而专利海盗却得到了丰厚的利润。制度对专利权的保护已经开始向遏制创新进行异化。“海盗行为”与正当专利维权诉讼的界线模糊以及专利海盗不断更新的获利手段导致其定性的困难。本文试图对专利海盗的范畴进行较为合理地界定，并在此基础上提出一些解决专利海盗问题的方案。

Abstract: With the expansion of the patent centralization strategy and the interest in patent litigation, patent trolls are increasing by using the patents as a bait in technology market. A large number of claims of tort make the high-tech innovation entities suffering, while the patent trolls have got rich profits. The boundary between patent trolls and legitimate rights is blurred, and the changing methods of patent trolls have led to the difficulty of recognition. This article tries to make a more reasonable definition of the category of patent trolls, and puts forward some solutions to the problem on this basis.