父母情感温暖与留守儿童心理健康、学业问题的关系：依恋的中介效应

The Mediating Effect of Attachment on the Relation between Parental Emotional Warmth and the Psychology Health of Left-Behind Children

摘要: 本研究探讨情感温暖与留守儿童心理健康及学业问题的相关关系，并考察依恋的中介作用。抽取四川省华蓥市两所中学初一、初二共六个班184名初中生所为被试，其中留守儿童为110人，非留守儿童74人。采用青少年父母同伴依恋问卷(IPPA中文版)，情感温暖量表，长处与困难量表(SDQ自评版)和同伴提名问卷为研究工具进行研究。研究结果表明：1) 留守儿童与非留守儿童在依恋、情感温暖以及心理健康和学业方面并不存在显著差异。2) 情感温暖对留守儿童注意问题和同伴问题具有负向预测作用；情感温暖对留守儿童的亲社会行为具有正向预测作用；情感温暖与情绪问题和品行问题无显著相关。3) 父亲在依恋疏离维度在情感温暖和留守儿童注意问题间具有完全中介效应；监护人在依恋沟通维度在情感温暖和留守儿童同伴问题间具有完全中介效应。

Abstract: This study investigated the relationship between parental emotional warmth and psychology health of left-behind children. This study also explored the mediating effect of attachment on the relation between emotional warmth and psychology health of left-behind children. The 184 sam-ples of this study were selected from two junior high schools in Huaying city, Sichuan province, among which were 110 left-behind children and 74 un-left-behind children. This research adopted Teenage Parents Peer Attachment Questionnaire for Chinese, The Scale of Emotional Warmth, Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and The Questionnaire of Peer Nomination. The results demonstrate that: 1) The difference between left-behind children and un-left-behind children on the aspects of attachment, emotional warmth and the issues of psychology health and school work were not significant. 2) The emotional warmth, the problem of attention and peer among left-behind children were correlated negatively and significantly. The emotional warmth and the prosocial behavior were correlated positively and significantly. The correlation of emotional warmth, emotion problem and conduct problem were not significant. 3) The attachment of alien mediated the relation between emotional attachment and attention problem. The attachment of communication mediated the relation between emotional warmth and peer problem.