限制性饮食者的去抑制效应——以预加载情境为例

The Study on Restrained Eaters’ Disinhibition Effect—Illustrated by the Example of Preload Paradigm

摘要: 该研究考察了限制性饮食者在进食预加载食物之后的去抑制效应。方法：研究采用问卷调查和实验研究的方式，对90名女大学生被试(30名成功的限制性饮食者，30失败的限制性饮食者，30名非限制性饮食者)进行了研究。在研究一中，采用状态性食物渴求问卷考察被试的当前食物渴求程度，在研究二中，采用双选Oddball范式考察被试的抑制控制能力。结果：1) 失败的限制性饮食者比成功的限制性饮食者和非限制性饮食者有更高的食物渴求状态。2) 与非限制性饮食者相比，失败的限制性饮食者存在整体上的抑制控制能力亏损，成功者没有出现抑制困难。结论：限制性饮食者的去抑制效应是否出现，与其所属亚类型密切相关，并进一步验证了抑制控制能力可能是影响限制性饮食者节食成败的关键因素。

Abstract: Purposes: The present study aimed to explore the disinhibition effect in restrained eaters after eating the preload food. Methods: All 90 female participants (30 successful restrained eaters, 30 unsuccessful restrained eaters, 30 unrestrained eaters) were involved. In the experiment 1, the state of food craving scale was used to explore their wanting for food; in the study 2, a two-choice oddball task was used to investigate their ability of inhibitory control after the preload. The participants need to respond to the standard stimuli (cups) and deviation stimuli (furniture and food images); the images are presented at random. Results: 1) The score in the state of food craving scale of unsuccessful restrained eaters is higher than that of successful restrained eaters and unrestrained eaters after the high-calorie preload. 2) Unsuccessful restrained eaters showed more weakly inhibitory control than unrestrained eaters after the preload, but the difference in successful and unsuccessful restrained eaters is not significant. Conclusion: The present study found that the disinhibition effect was in contact with the type of restrained eaters, and inhibitory control was very important for the dieting success, which maybe the part reason why some successful restrained eaters can succeed.