农村低龄寄宿制小学生行为问题及影响因素

The Behavior Problem of Rural Young Boarding Pupils and Its Influencing Factors

摘要: 目的：探讨低龄寄宿制小学生行为问题特点及其影响因素。方法：采用基本情况调查表、儿童行为量表和青少年心理韧性量表对河南获嘉某寄宿制小学190名和非寄宿制小学的210名2~5年级农村小学生进行调查分析。结果：寄宿的女小学生在分裂强迫、多动、性问题、违纪、攻击性、残忍6个分因子和量表总分上显著高于非寄宿女小学生(P < 0.05)，其它差异均不显著(P > 0.05)；女寄宿的小学生行为问题的检出率(58.46%)显著高于非女寄宿生学生(34.78%) (P < 0.05)；二年级的女寄宿小学生的抑郁得分显著高于四、五年级，而五年级女寄宿小学生的体诉得分显著低于二、三和四年级；男寄宿小学生的少部分心理韧性与行为问题因子之间相关显著(r = −0.19~0.20, P < 0.05)，女寄宿小学生有较多心理韧性与行为问题因子间的相关显著(r = −0.41~0.30, P < 0.05)。结论：寄宿对女小学生的行为问题的发生有较大影响，低龄寄宿小学生行为问题与心理韧性部分因子相关。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the characteristics of behavior problem of rural young boarding pupils and its influencing factors. Methods: 190 rural young boarding and 210 non-boarding Grades 2~5 pupils of a young boarding school in Henan were tested by questionnaires, including a ba-sic-situation questionnaire, child behavior checklist and adolescent mental resilience scale. Re-sults: The scores of female boarding pupils in 6 factors of splitting force, hyperactivity, sexual problem, discipline, aggressiveness, brutality and the total were significantly higher than female non-boarding pupils (P < 0.05), and there were no significant differences among the other (P > 0.05). The detection rate (58.46%) of the female boarding pupils with behavior problem was significantly higher than female non-boarding pupils (34.78%) (P < 0.05). The depression scores of the second grade female boarding pupils were significantly higher than Grade four or five, and the somatic complaints scores of the fifth grade were significantly lower than the second, three and fourth grade. There were significant correlations between the part factors of behavior problems and mental resilience in male boarding pupils (r = −0.19~0.20, P < 0.05), and there were significant correlations between the two in female boarding pupils (r = −0.41~0.30, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The boarding has more certain influence on female children’s behavior problem, and there are some correlations between behavior problems and mental resilience in boarding pupils.