SLM扫描路径对铝/镁层状复合材料影响的数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of the Effect of SLM Scanning Path on Aluminum/Magnesium Laminated Composites

摘要: 铝/镁层状复合材料中的异种轻金属之间的冶金结合一直是一个难题，SLM (选区激光熔化技术)则为制造铝/镁层状复合材料提供了一个新的思路。本文利用ABAQUS有限元软件，在此基础上使用移动热源和生死单元技术对SLM成形过程的三维瞬态温度场进行动态数值模拟，有限元模型考虑了随温度变化的材料热物性参数、凝固–冷却过程中的相变潜热等因素，在不同的热源参数下对界面附近的温度场进行了分析与计算。结果表明，蛇形扫描路径更加适合层状复合材料，当激光热源功率为350 W，扫描速度为0.25 mm/s时，能够使纯铝与AM60界面获得良好的冶金结合，界面抗剪强度可以达到75.5 MPa。

Abstract: The combination of metallurgical bonding between dissimilar light metals in aluminum/magnesium lamellar composite is a challenge. SLM (selective laser melting technology) provides a new idea for the manufacture of aluminum/magnesium lamellar composite. Based on the ABAQUS finite element software, the dynamic numerical simulation of the three-dimensional transient temperature field of the SLM forming process is carried out on the basis of the mobile heat source and the birth-death element technology. The finite element model takes into account the thermal properties of the material with temperature change, solidification process of phase change latent heat and other factors in the process; the interface temperature field of different heat source parameters was analyzed and calculated. The results show that the serpentine scan path is more suitable for lamellar composites; when the laser heat source power is 350 W and the scanning speed is 0.25 mm/s, the interface between pure aluminum and AM60 can be combined with good metallurgical bonding, and the interface shear strength can reach 75.5 MPa.