不同情境线索下对攻击性的影响——以城管为研究载体
The Influence of Different Situational Cues on Aggression—City Management as the Research Carrier
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2018.82024, PDF,   
作者: 石啟志, 王小蕾, 王卫红：西南大学心理学部，重庆
关键词: 攻击性；攻击情绪；攻击态度；Aggressive； Attack Mood； Attack Attitude
摘要: 研究以张家界城管为被试，探讨不同情景线索对城管攻击性的影响。实验1使用不同类型的图片作为启动材料，通过测量外显攻击性认知和内隐攻击认知来探讨其对城管攻击性的影响。实验2使用不同指向的文字材料作为启动材料来探讨对该材料对城管攻击态度和攻击情绪影响。结果表明：1) 被试在暴力图片启动下，外显攻击性会提高，内隐攻击性也会提高，其中被试在城管暴力执法图片启动下，比普通暴力图片内隐攻击性更高。2) 在不同指向的文字材料启动下，阅读过程指向城管的敌意情绪会显著提高，攻击态度没有显著差异。
Abstract: The study took city management of Zhangjiajie as the subject to explore the influence of differ-ent situational cues on the attack of city management. Experiment 1 uses different types of im-ages as the starting material, and probes into the influence of aggression on urban management by means of explicit aggression cognition and implicit attack cognition. Experiment 2 discusses the influence of the material on the attack attitude and the attack on the city management by using the different pointing materials as the starting material. Results show that: 1) The subjects were started under violent images; explicit aggression will improve; implicit aggression will also increase; among them, the subjects were shown to be more aggressive than normal images of violence. 2) The hostility of the reading process to the urban management can be significantly increased with the starting of different pointed text materials, and there is no significant differ-ence in the attack attitude.
文章引用：石啟志, 王小蕾, 王卫红 (2018). 不同情境线索下对攻击性的影响——以城管为研究载体. 心理学进展, 8(2), 194-202. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2018.82024

参考文献

[1] 陈庆宾(2011). 暴力性游戏操作方式对游戏者攻击行为的影响. 硕士论文, 宁波: 宁波大学.
[2] 封辉(2006). 粗暴执法行为的诱因及对策. 上海城市管理, 5(2), 78.
[3] 郝雨, 王祎(2009). 媒介暴力: 类型、效应及控制. 新闻记者, 6, 15-19.
[4] 刘桂芹, 张大均, 刘衍玲(2012). 观看武器图片对青少年攻击性认知的影响. 成都航空职业技术学院学报, 2, 19-22.
[5] 邱小艳, 唐烈琼(2006). 暴力图片对大学生攻击性认知的启动效应. 湖南科技学院报, 27(3), 221-222.
[6] 田媛, 周宗奎, 丁倩(2011). 网络暴力材料对青少年内隐攻击性的影响研究. 教育研究与实验, 4, 88-91.
[7] 王楠(2009). 城管的暴力执法与防治的多元策略. 上海城市管理职业技术学院学报, 18(2), 66-69.
[8] 魏谨, 佐斌, 温芳芳, 杨晓(2009). 暴力网络游戏与青少年攻击内隐联结的研究. 中国临床心理学杂志, 17(6), 715-717.
[9] 吴晓燕(2012). 暴力线索暴露对攻击行为的影响机制. 硕士论文, 宁波: 宁波大学.
[10] 邢淑芬, 王丹旸, 林崇德(2015). 媒体暴力对儿童青少年攻击行为的影响和心理机制. 华东师范大学学报, 33(3), 52-53.
[11] 叶茂林(2001). 材料性质与内隐攻击性启动效应的实验研究. 心理科学, 24(4), 418-509.
[12] 张文新(1999). 儿童社会性发展. 北京: 北京师范大学出版社.
[13] Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2001). Effects of Violent Video Games on Aggressive Behavior, Aggressive Cognition, Aggressive Affect, Physiological Arousal, and Prosocial Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Scientific Literature. Psychological Science, 12, 353-359.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Anderson, C. A., Benjamin,A. J., & Bartholow, B. D. (1998). Does the Gun Pull the Trigger? Automatic Priming Effects of Weapon Pictures and Weapon Names. Psychological Science, 9, 308-314.[CrossRef] 
[15] Anderson, C. A., Carnagey, N. L., Flanagan, M., Benjamin, A. J. J., Eubanks, J., & Valentine, J. C. (2004). Violent Video games: Specific Effects of Violent Content on Aggressive Thoughts and Behavior. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 36, 199-249.[CrossRef] 
[16] Anderson, C. A., Deuser, W. E., & Deneve, K. (1995). Hot Temperatures, Hostile Affect, Hostile Cognition, and Arousal: Tests of a General Model of Affective Aggression. Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 772-791.[CrossRef] 
[17] Arriaga, P., Esteves, F., Carneiro, P., & Monteiro, M. B. (2006). Violent Computer Games and Their Effects on State Hostility and Physiological Arousal. Aggressive Behavior, 32, 358-371.[CrossRef] 
[18] Boxer, P., Huesmann, L. R., Bushman, B. J., O’Brien, M., & Moceri, D. (2009). The Role of Violent Media Preference in Cumulative Developmental Risk for Violence and General Aggression. Journalof Youth and Adolescence, 38, 417-428.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Buss, A. H., & Perry, M. (1992). The Aggression Questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 452-459.[CrossRef] 
[20] Carnagey, N. L., Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2007). The Effect of Video Game Violence on Physiological Desensitization to Real-Life Violence. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 489-496.[CrossRef] 
[21] Elson, M., & Ferguson, C. J. (2014). Does Doing Media Violence Research Make One Aggressive? European Psychologist,19, 68-75.[CrossRef] 
[22] Funk, J. B., Baldacci, H. B., Pasold, T., & Baumgardner, J. (2004). Violence Exposure Inreal-Life, Videogames, Television, Movies, and the Internet: Is There Desensitization? Journal of Adolescence, 27, 23-39.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2006). Associative and Propositional Processes in Evaluation: An Integrative Review of Implicit and Explicit Attitude Change. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 692-731.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Gentile, D. A., Lynch, P. J., Linder, J. R., & Walsh, D. A. (2004). The Effects of Violent Video Game Habits on Adolescent Hostility, Aggressive Behaviors, and School Performance. Journal of Adolescence, 27, 5-22.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Gentile, D. A., Saleem, M., & Anderson, C. A. (2007). Public Policy and the Effects of Media Violence on Children. Social Issues and Policy Review, 1, 15-61.[CrossRef] 
[26] Greitemeyer, T., & Osswald, S. (2011). Effects of Prosocial Video Games Increases the Accessibility of Prosocial Thoughts. The Journal of Social Psychology ,151, 121-128.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Johnson, J. G., Cohen, P., Smailes, E. M., Kasen, S., & Brook, J. S. (2002). Television Viewing and Aggressive Behavior during Adolescence and Adulthood. Science, 295, 2468-2471.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Konijn, E. A., Bijvank, M. N., & Bushman, B. J. (2007). I Wish I Were a Warrior: The Role of Wishful Identification in the Effects of Violent Video Games on Aggression in Adolescent Boys. Developmental Psychology, 43, 1038-1044.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Mills, J. F., Kroner, D. G., & Forth, A. E. (2002). Measures of Criminal Attitudes and Associates (MCAA): Development, Factor Structure, Reliability, and Validity. Assessment, 9, 240-253.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[30] Paik, H., & Comstock, G. (1994). The Effects of Television Violence on Antisocial Behavior: A Meta Analysis. Communication Research, 21, 516-546.[CrossRef] 
[31] Uhlmanna, E., & Swansonb, J. (2004). Exposure to Violent Video Games Increases Automatic Aggressiveness. Journal of Adolescence, 27, 41-52.[CrossRef] [PubMed]