紫玉淮山试管微薯诱导研究

Study on Microtuber Induction of Purple Yam

摘要: 以紫玉淮山的茎段为外植体，探究紫玉淮山从无菌萌发到丛生芽诱导、无菌苗生根诱导和试管薯诱导的技术途径，初步建立了紫玉淮山快速繁殖体系。实验结果表明：用沙藏法对紫玉淮山薯进行催芽萌发：先用0.001 mg/L浓度的扑海因对茎段喷雾1 h后，取茎段作外植体；接着用75%的酒精消毒30 s，再用0.1% HgCl₂处理外植体5~7 min，最后用无菌水清洗3~5次，以MS + 6-BA 2.0 mg/L + NAA 0.2 mg/L为初始培养基，诱导丛生芽培养基MS + PP₃₃₃ 0.5 mg/L为最佳；诱导生根培养基以MS + 6-BA 0.2 mg/L + NAA 0.5 mg/L为最佳；诱导试管薯培养基以MS + NAA 0.5 mg/L + 6-BA 0.2 mg/L + 香豆素 50 mg/L结薯率最高为55.32%；初步探索出诱导零余子的培养基配方，零余子(珠芽)率为45%，还需要进一步探究。本文中所用培养基均蔗糖30 mg/L + 琼脂粉 5.2 g/L + 活性炭 0.5 g/L，pH 6.8。

Abstract: With the purple yam stem segments as explants, we explore the purple yam from aseptic germination to bud induction, the induction of sterile plants rooting and microtuber induction. So, preliminary purple yam rapid propagation system was established. The experimental results show that the germination method of purple yam was hidden in river sand. Firstly the stem segments were sprayed by 0.001 mg/L iprodione 1 h and then taking them as explants; explants was disinfected with 75% alcohol for 30 s, treated with 0.1% HgCl₂ for 5~7 mins, and washed by sterile water for 3~5 times. The initial culture medium was MS + 2.0 mg/L 6-BA + 0.2 mg/LNAA. The best bud induction culture medium was MS + 0.5 mg/L PP₃₃₃; the best rooting culture medium was MS + 0.2 mg/L 6-BA + 0.4 mg/L NAA; the best induction of microtuber culture medium was MS + 0.5 mg/L NAA +0.2 mg/L 6-BA +50 mg/L coumarin and the producing microtuber rate was up to 55.32%; we initially explored the purple yam bulbil (Pearl bud) culture medium and the producing bulbil rate was up to 45%, but it also needs to be further explored. In this paper, the medium is used 30 mg/L sucrose + 5.2 g/L agar + 0.5 g/L activated carbon, pH 6.8.