冲动性对学习拖延的影响——自我控制的中介作用

How Impulsiveness Influences Procrastination: Mediating Roles of Self-Control

摘要: 学习拖延指的是学生违背原有的学习意向，不必要地推迟学习任务执行的行为倾向，是一种在大学生群体中普遍存在的现象。本研究采用学习拖延量表(PASS)、自我控制量表(SCS)、冲动性量表(BIS-11)，从西南大学中随机选取242名在校大学生作为被试，探讨了当前大学生的学习拖延现状，并从自我控制视角检验了冲动性影响学习拖延行为的中介机制。结果表明：1) 大学生中学习拖延较为普遍，学习拖延者占研究人数的40.2%；自我决定任务中的拖延得分显著高于在他人决定任务的拖延分数，在自我决定任务中想要改变拖延的愿望显著高于在他人决定任务中想要改变拖延的愿望；2) 逐步回归和优势分析结果表明，冲动性对学习拖延行为具有良好的预测力，其中“注意力冲动”解释率最高；3) 中介分析结果表明，自我控制在冲动性影响拖延行为过程中起着中介作用。这些结果说明，冲动性对拖延行为具有较好的预测作用，而且冲动性对学习拖延行为的影响可能是通过自我控制为中介实现的。

Abstract: Academic procrastination refers to a kind of behavior tendency that the students go against the original intention, and unnecessarily delayed academic task execution; it’s a ubiquitous phenomenon in college students groups. 242 college students were randomly selected from the southwest university as subjects, this research adopts the Procrastination Assessment Scale-Student (PASS), Self-Control Scale (SCS), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) to discusses the current status of college students’ academic procrastination, and examined the mediation mechanism how impulsiveness influences academic procrastination from the perspective of self control. Results show that: 1) Academic procrastination is common in college students, academic procrastinators account for 40.2% of the number of research; procrastination scores showed in self-determination tasks significantly higher than that in others’ determination tasks, the desire of changing procrastination in self-determination task is significantly stronger than that in the others’ determination task; 2) the stepwise regression and dominance analysis results show that the impulsiveness can well predictive academic procrastination, and attention dimension in the prediction of procrastination contribution is the largest; 3) the mediation analysis findings indicate that self control in the process of impulsive affecting procrastination plays an intermediary role. These results suggest that impulsiveness is an important individual trait, which should be considered into affecting factors of procrastination. Impulsiveness affects the procrastination behavior probably by influencing self-control.