渣油超临界萃取窄馏分与其焦化性能的关系
The Relationship between Coking Reactivity with Super Critical Extraction Subfractions
DOI: 10.12677/HJCET.2018.82009, PDF,   
作者: 孙学文, 郭秀颖：中国石油大学(北京)重质油国家重点实验室，北京；李 平, 曾 海, 黄 鹤：中国石油天然气股份有限公司辽河石化公司，辽宁 盘锦
关键词: 渣油；超临界萃取；窄馏分；焦化；Residua； Super Critical Extraction； Subfraction； Coking
摘要: 本文研究了三种不同减渣超临界萃取窄馏分性质及其焦化性能的关系，研究结果表明，焦化产品收率与原料的KH之间存在良好的线性关系。随着萃取窄馏分变重，焦炭收率增加，生成的轻油破坏了窄馏分体系的稳定性，使得芳香分及胶质中的芳香环缩合成焦炭，也增加了焦炭的收率。研究发现，焦炭收率除了与CCR相关外，也与原料的SARA、杂原子含量有关。焦化反应过程中，沥青质几乎完全转化为焦炭，65.52%的残炭转化为焦炭，芳香分和胶质对生焦量的贡献超过15%。金属的存在，促进焦炭生成，硫对生焦具有抑制作用。
Abstract: The relationship between coking reactivity with the properties of supercritical fluid extraction fractionation (SFEF) subfractions was studied in this paper. The results showed that the products yield can be related to KH, good linear relationships are existed between them. Coke yield was in-creased with the SFEF subfractions becoming heavier, while the light oil produced in coking de-stroyed the stability of subfraction system and led aromatic rings including in aromatic and resin convert to coke. Hence, except CCR, the coke yield is also closely related to SARA. During coking, almost all asphaltene and 65.52% CCR were covered to coke, the contribution of aromatics and re-sin for coke were exceeded 15%. Furthermore, the coke yield was increased with the increasing of Ni + V content, but it was reduced with the increasing of sulfur existed in subfractions.
文章引用：孙学文, 郭秀颖, 李平, 曾海, 黄鹤. 渣油超临界萃取窄馏分与其焦化性能的关系[J]. 化学工程与技术, 2018, 8(2): 65-76. https://doi.org/10.12677/HJCET.2018.82009

参考文献

[1] Sawarkar, A.N., Pandit, A.B., Samant, S.D. and Joshi, J.B. (2007) Petroleum Residue Upgrading via Delayed Coking: A Review. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 85, 1-24.
[Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[2] Gary, J.H. and Handwerk, G.E. (1993) Petroleum Refining: Technology and Economics. 3rd Edition, M. Dekker, New York.
[3] Maples, R.E. (2000) Petroleum Refinery Process Economics. 2nd Edition, PennWell Corporation, Tulsa OK.
[4] 陈俊武. 石油炼制过程碳氢组成的变化及其合理利用[J]. 石油学报, 1982, 3(2): 90-102.
[5] Schabron, J.F. and Speight, J.G. (1997) An Evaluation of the Delayed-Coking Product Yield of Heavy Feedstocks Using Asphaltene Content and Carbon Residue. Oil & Gas Science and Technology, 52, 73-85.
[Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[6] Schabron, J.F., Pauli, A.T., Rovani Jr., J.F. and Miknis, F.P. (2001)Predicting Coke Formation Tendencies. Fuel, 80, 1435-1446.
[Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[7] Schabron, J.F., Pauli, A.T. and Rovani Jr., J.F. (2002) Residua Coke Formation Predictability Maps. Fuel, 81, 2227-2240.
[Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[8] 范启明, 杨继涛, 李军, 等. 减压渣油焦化温度对产品分布的影响I. 产品分布与适宜焦化温度[J]. 石油学报(石油加工), 2000, 16(5): 61-65.
[9] 陈俊武, 曹汉昌. 重质油在加工过程中的化学结构变化及其轻质化[J]. 炼油设计, 1994, 24(6): 1-15.
[10] Gray, M.R. (2003) Consistency of Asphaltene Chemical Structures with Pyrolysis and Coking Behavior. Energy Fuel, 17, 1566-1569.
[Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[11] Rahmani, S., McCaffrey, W.C., Dettman, H.D. and Gray, M.R. (2003) Coking Kinetics of Asphaltenes as a Function of Chemical Structure. Energy Fuels, 17, 1048-1056.
[Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[12] 郭爱军, 张宏玉, 于道永, 等. 热重法考察渣油及其亚组分的焦化性能[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2002, 33(7): 49-53.
[13] 郭爱军, 王宗贤, 阙国和. 饱和烃促进渣油热反应初期生焦的考察[J]. 燃料化学学报, 2001, 29(5): 408-412.
[14] Favre, A., Boulet, R. and Behar, F. (1985) Etude par simulation en laboratoire de l'operation de viscoréduction. Oil & Gas Science and Technology, 40, 609-623.
[15] Long, R.B. and Speight, J.G. (2006) Studies in Petroleum Composition Development of a Compositional Map for Various Feedstocks études concernant la composition du pétrole. Mise au point d'une carte de types de constituants appliquée à différentes charges. Oil & Gas Science and Technology, 44, 205-217.
[16] Roberts, I. (1989) The Chemical Significance of Carbon Residue Data. ACS Division of Petroleum Chemistry, 34, 251-254
[17] Shi, T.P., Hu, Y.X., Xu, Z.M., Su, T. and Wang, R.A. (1997) Characterizing Petroleum Vacuum Residue by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Fractionation. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 36, 3988-3992.
[Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[18] Yang, G. and Wang, R.A. (1999) The Supercritical Fluid Extractive Fractionation and the Characterization of Heavy Oils and Petroleum Residua. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 22, 47-52.
[Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[19] Zhao, S., Sparks, B.D., Kotlyar, L.S. and Chung, K.H. (2002) Reactivity of Sulphur Species in Bitumen Pitch and Residua During Fluid Coking and Hydrocracking. Petroleum Science and Technology, 20, 1071-1085.
[Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[20] Xu, C., Gao, J., Zhao, S. and Lin, S. (2005) Correlation between Feedstock SARA Components and FCC Product Yields. Fuel, 84, 669-674.
[Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[21] Yang, C., Du, F., Zheng, H. and Chung, K.H. (2005) Hydroconversion Characteristics and Kinetics of Residue Narrow Fractions. Fuel, 84, 675-684.
[Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[22] Zhao, S., Xu, C., Sun, X., Chung, K.H. and Xiang, Y. (2010) China Refinery Tests Asphaltenes Extraction Process. Oil & Gas Journal, 108, 52-59.
[23] 徐春明, 杨朝合. 石油炼制工程[M]. 第4版. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2009.
[24] 梁文杰. 重质油化学[M]. 北京: 石油大学出版社, 2003.