渣油超临界萃取窄馏分的催化裂化反应

Catalytic Cracking of Residua Super-Critical Fluid Extraction Fractions

摘要: 本文以正戊烷为溶剂，采用超临界萃取装置分别将辽河减渣及委内瑞拉常渣切割成13个及15个窄馏分并对窄馏分性质进行了测定，在小型固定流化床装置上考察了不同窄馏分的催化裂化性能。研究结果表明，随着窄馏分变重，焦炭产率增加，汽油及柴油收率降低。焦炭产率除了与CCR值有关外，还与原料的芳碳率fa及芳香环系缩合度参数HAU/CA有关。焦炭产率与CCR比值与原料CCR、芳碳率及HAU/CA之间遵循指数变化关系。同时提出了依据原料四组分预测催化裂化产率的关联式。

Abstract: Liaohe vacuum residue (Liaohe VR) and Venezuela Orinoco atmospheric residue (Orinoco AR) were separated into 13 and 15 narrow subfractions respectively using supercritical fluid extrac-tion fractionation (SFEF) with n-pentane as solvent, and the properties of subfractions were cha-racterized. The catalytic cracking reactions of different SFEF subfractions were conducted in a fixed fluidized bed reactor system. The results showed that coke yield increased as the SFEF sub-fraction became heavier, and the yields of naphtha and diesel decreased. Except Concarbon resi-due (CCR) of feed, the coke yields were affected by aromatic carbon rate (fa) and the parameter of aromatic ring condensation (HAU/CA). The coke yield was inverse exponentially correlated with the CCR content, fa and HAU/CA. A catalytic cracking product yield model was derived based on saturates/aromatics/resins/asphaltenes (SARA) contents of SFEF subtraction to determine the maximum resins content of feedstock for catalytic cracking process.