场景主旨识别需要注意参与

Scene Gist Perception Necessitates Attention

摘要: 识别场景主旨是否需要注意参与目前尚存争论。本研究采用快速序列视觉呈现范式，通过操纵场景主旨水平(基本水平与上级水平)和实验任务(单任务与双任务)，观察被试在四种T1-T2间隔延迟条件下(Lag2, Lag4, Lag6, Lag8)，识别T2场景主旨的正确率，从而揭示场景主旨识别与注意的关系。结果表明：被试能高效识别双任务下T1的场景主旨，无论是上级水平还是基本水平的场景主旨；但识别单任务和双任务条件下T2的场景主旨都出现注意瞬脱，并且识别上级水平的场景主旨引发更大的注意瞬脱。本研究支持场景主旨识别需要注意参与，并且识别上级水平的场景主旨消耗更多的注意资源。

Abstract: It remains to be discussed about whether the scene gist perception needs attention. In the present study, participants identified one or two target scenes in a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) sequence with scrambled scenes and reported their basic-level category or superordinate-level category. T2 (the second target) was presented at Lag2, Lag4, Lag6 or Lag8 following T1 (the first target) in RSVP. Participants showed good performance in classifying T1 under dual-task condition whether or not the scene category was basic-level or superordinate-level. However, we observed the pronounced scene perception deficit in identifying T2 when it appeared within a few hundred milliseconds of T1 both in single-task condition and dual-task condition, namely attentional blink. In addition, the most interesting finding in our data was that the magnitude of the attentional blink increased when asked participants to identify the scene targets’ superordinate-level category, suggesting that superordinate-level scene gist perception demanded more attention. The results suggested that natural scene perception indeed necessitated attention, and the superordinate-level scene gist perception required more attention.