轨道交通对土地利用变化和都市中心形成机制的影响分析

Influence of Railway Transport on Land Use Change and Urban Center Formation Mechanism

摘要: 开展轨道交通建设引起的土地利用变化研究，对提高地铁交通客流量、还原地铁交通开发利益、引导城市空间结构的合理布局和节省有限的土地资源等发面具有很大的现实意义和实用价值。本文以日本福冈市城市地铁为研究对象，对福冈市地铁1976~2006年开通前后30年间沿线土地利用用途变化，人口密度以及都市中心形成机制进行分析。结果表明：城市地铁开通后，促使沿线土地的高密度开发和高强度利用，改变了地铁沿线的土地利用模式，引导着城市人口在空间上的重分配，地铁交通的交汇点或者是地铁交通与其它交通方式的换乘枢纽，逐渐发展成城市的各级副中心。

Abstract: To study the land use change associated with the railway transport construction is of great signi-ficance to enhance the passenger flow of metro transport, restore the development benefits of Metro Transit, direct the reasonable layout of city space structure, and save the restricted land resources. With a city of Fukuoka in Japan as a case, this paper analyzes the land use change, population density, and formation mechanism of city center along with the subway lines during the 30 years of 1976-2006. The results show that the development of subway transport impels the high-density exploitation and highly intense utilization of land resource along the subway lines, alters the land use model, and guides the spatial re-distribution of urban population; meanwhile, the converging point of subway transport lines, as well as the transport hub of subway and other transport ways have becoming the deputy centers of the city.