双鱼图与自我

Diagram of Yin and Yang Fish and Ego

摘要: 对克尔凯郭尔的存在的三种处境学说进行了研究，并参考精神分析的相关理论，借用太极双鱼图对自我的发展和自我的存在处境进行了简要的阐释。即第一，自我区分为“审美我”、“伦理我”、“完满我”三个存在处境。第二，个体生命由潜意识的“双鱼”出发，历经经验和文化的影响。自我由被动接受到主动建构，从无意识的到有意识的实现意义和追求存在，最终达到超越和完满的状态。沿着精神分析的本能决定论、社会文化决定论、自我决定论，自我实现了自己的进化与超越。第三，“审美我”和“伦理我”这两条鱼基本遵循鱼尾–鱼头–鱼眼，即从未组织到组织，从潜意识的水底深处到达意识的水面，甚至超越以致完满的过程。最后根据所探讨的进行了几点展望。

Abstract: This paper mainly studied three situation theories of Soren Aabye Kierkegaard, and referenced psychoanalysis theory aimed to explain the development of ego and existed situations of ego in the background of Yin-and-Yang-fish diagram as described below. Firstly, ego includes aesthetic ego, ethic ego, perfect ego named three existed situations. Secondly, individual life originated from subconscious is influenced by experience and culture. Ego transformed from passive acceptance to initiative establishment, realized themselves and persuaded existence from unconsciously to consciously, then finally achieved exceeded and satisfactory state. Ego accomplished their own evolution and exceeding via instinct determinism, social culture determinism and autodeterminism. Thirdly, aesthetic ego and ethic ego followed the pattern of fish tail, fish head and fish eyes which transform from unorganized conception to organized one, convert from subconsciousness to consciousness, and change from exceeding to perfection. In the conclusion, this paper discussed features above in several different aspects.