权力感对内隐暴力态度的影响——去人性化的作用

The Influence of the Sense of Power on the Implicit Violent Attitude—The Role of Dehumanization

摘要: 本研究采用单因素实验设计，对70名在校大学生进行研究，探讨了权力感和去人性化对内隐暴力态度的影响。本实验将被试随机分为两组，分别接受高、低两种不同水平权力感的启动，内隐暴力态度的测量采用暴力IAT程序，去人性化的测量则采用自编的去人性化问卷完成。研究结果显示，激活被试的权力感后，其内隐暴力态度发生了明显的改变：高权力感组被试相比于低权力感组被试，他们的暴力IAT效应值更小。也就是说，激活的权力感使他们对暴力的内隐态度更加积极；另一方面，高权力感组在去人性化程度上得分虽然高于低权力感组，但两组间的差异没有达到统计学水平。因此本研究得出的结论是：去人性化并非是权力感与内隐暴力态度之间的中介变量，权力感与内隐暴力态度之间存在着自动化联结的关系。

Abstract: In this study, a single factor experimental design was used, and 70 college students were recruited in order to explore the influence of the sense of power and the dehumanization on the implicit violence. In the experiment, all subjects were randomly divided into two groups and then exposed to two different levels of power, respectively. The measurement of implicit violence was conducted by the violent IAT procedure. The dehumanization measurement was completed by the self-made dehumanization questionnaire. The experimental results showed that after being primed with different sense of power, a significant change occurred on the subjects in the implicit violence attitude: the IAT effect of subjects with high power was smaller, that is to say, the sense of power made them hold a stronger positive implicit attitude to violence, compared to those with low power; while the powerful group scored higher than the lower though, the difference between the two groups did not reach statistical level. Therefore, the conclusion of this study is that dehumanization is not a mediator between the sense of power and the attitude of implicit violence as we expect, and there is an automatic connection between the sense of power and implicit violence attitude.