早春甘蓝大中棚三膜覆盖丰产栽培技术

The High Yield Cultivation Techniques for Early Spring Cabbage Covered with Three Plastic Films Mulching

摘要: 陕西阎良和泾阳地区的早春甘蓝栽培面积较大，是供应西安、咸阳和周边地区蔬菜市场、缓解春淡的主要蔬菜之一。当地菜农栽培早春甘蓝历史悠久，并在实践中探索出早春甘蓝大中棚三膜覆盖栽培技术，已成为当地甘蓝栽培的主要方式。其生产周期短，无公害，效益高，深受菜农欢迎。三膜栽培的适宜育苗播期为11月中下旬，采用平畦覆盖栽培，栽培密度5000株/667m²，3月底至4月上中旬可采收上市。选好品种、培育壮苗、科学管理、结球期适当降低环境温度是栽培成功的关键。

Abstract: Early spring cabbage is widely cultivated in Yanliang and Jingyang region of Shaanxi province, which is one of the main vegetables that supply the vegetable market in Xi’an, Xianyang and surrounding areas and alleviate the vegetable lack in spring. Local vegetable growers had a long history of cultivation of early spring cabbage, and in practice, they had explored the cultivation techniques for early spring cabbage covered with three-plastic films mulching, which had become the main way of spring cabbage cultivation. Its production cycle was short, pollution-free, and the benefit was high, which was welcomed by the vegetable farmers. The suitable seedling planting period was in the middle and late of November, the planting density was 5000 young plants per 667 m², and the product could be obtained from the end of March to the middle of April in the next year. The key techniques to success of cultivation were choosing varieties, cultivating strong seedlings, scientific management, and lowering the environmental temperature properly in the heading period.