基于双向流固耦合的柔性表面仿生减阻研究

Research on Bionic Drag Reduction of Flexible Surface Based on Bi-Directional Fluid Solid Coupling

摘要: 随着科学技术的发展，低碳环保的理念已深入人心，减阻问题对于机械交通工具的能源消耗具有非常重要的意义。本文以海豚表皮为生物原型，将海豚表皮的真皮嵴结构特征提取为：不同流速下，研究柔性聚氨酯弹性体的减阻效果。以Workbench为背景，采用Transition SST的湍流模型，对柔性聚氨酯弹性体平板表面进行双向流固耦合算法的仿真计算。仿真结果表明：与刚性平板相比，柔性聚氨酯弹性体平板在3~20 m/s的流速范围内均具有减阻效果，且流速高于10 m/s时，减阻率可达到10%以上；聚氨酯弹性体平板极大地缩短了较大的剪切应力段，从而降低了柔性聚氨酯弹性体表面的摩擦阻力。

Abstract: With the development of science and technology, the concept of low carbon and environmental protection has been deeply rooted among the people. The problem of drag reduction is very im-portant for the energy consumption of mechanical transportation. In this paper, the epidermis of a dolphin is used as a biological prototype, and the structural features of the dermis ridge of the ep-idermis are extracted as: research on the drag reduction effect of flexible polyurethane elastomer at different velocities. With WORKBENCH as the background, a turbulent model of Transition SST is used to simulate the bi-directional fluid solid coupling for surface of flexible polyurethane elas-tomer flat. The simulation results show that compared with rigid plate, the flexible polyurethane elastomer plate has drag reduction effect in the flow rate range of 3 - 20 m/s, and when the flow rate is higher than 10 m/s, the drag reduction rate can reach more than 10%. The polyurethane elastomer plate greatly shortens the section of the larger shear stress, which reduces the friction resistance of the flexible polyurethane elastomer.